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Werte haben Hochkonjunktur in der Gestaltung privater Unternehmen und gewinnen auch in öffentlichen Bereichen wie Politik, Schule usw. an Bedeutung. In theologisch-ethischen Arbeiten hingegen bleibt die Beschäftigung mit Werten im Beruf vielfach unbeachtet. Das vorliegende Buch will deshalb neben einer theoretischen Hinführung zur Bestimmung, Differenzierung und Bedeutung von Werten auch die Praxis stärker beleuchten und die tragenden Wertvorstellungen in Politik, Unternehmen, Landwirtschaft, Schule, Medizin, Gesundheits- und Krankenpflege sowie Altenpflege herausarbeiten. Ein abschließender Beitrag reflektiert diese Ergebnisse und widmet sich u.a. der Frage nach der Stellung von Werten in der Ethik sowie dem Zusammenspiel von persönlichen, beruflichen und unternehmerischen Werten. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird schließlich die Notwendigkeit deutlich, eine Ethik der Arbeitswelt neu zu entwickeln bzw. in Anbetracht der vorgelegten Überlegungen weiter zu vertiefen.
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Macrosociology—the study of large-scale social structures and the fundamental principles of social organization—was the style of sociology practiced by the founders of the discipline. Today, the social theories of Karl Marx, Max Weber, Émile Durkheim, and Herbert Spencer (among others) are commonly studied as part of the history of the field, but, although the macrosociological approach that these thinkers advocated is still employed, it no longer dominates the discipline. Instead, sociologists typically adopt a narrower focus, specializing in areas such as social psychology, medicine, religion, or the study of social stratification. Examining the bigger picture is a task often left to public intellectuals.Sociocultural Systems aims to reinstate macrosciology as the heart of the discipline by demonstrating that both classical and contemporary macrosociologists stand upon common ground. Focusing on the broad issues that concerned the founders, Elwell addresses questions such as: Historically, what factors accounted for the origin, survival, and evolution of sociocultural systems? Why were some societies more technologically advanced than others? What is the origin of capitalism? What factors determine the allocation of goods and services within and among societies? What effects do changes in government and economic institutions have on communities?Elwell argues that, as evolution does for biology, the macrosociological paradigm offers an analytical strategy that can be used both to guide and prioritize research in all of the myriad specialties within sociology and to lay forth an orderly body of knowledge for students. Clearly articulating important sociological principles, Sociocultural Systems provides a critical understanding of social institutions and issues, while also furnishing a framework for possible solutions to the perennial social crises that are part and parcel of the development of human societies.
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"We live in a diverse society characterized by different and to some extent contradictory values. Sometimes they create community. Other times they generate value conflicts. In this book, twelve Norwegian researchers write about such value conflicts and the way they occur in working life and the public sphere. Common to many of the contributions of this book is the attempt to highlight so-called value-based community of disagreement. This means that we agree to disagree. As a society, citizens can try to gather around some shared, fundamental values, but we cannot demand that all the members of the society agree on personal values. "
values --- society --- working life --- public sphere --- personal values --- conflicting values --- verdier --- verdikonflikter --- samfunn --- arbeidsliv --- offentlig rom
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This volume analyses the societal legacy of Lutheranism in Finland in broad terms. It contributes to the recent renewed interest in the history of religion in Finland and the Nordic countries by bringing together researchers in history, political science, economics, social psychology, education, linguistics, media studies, and theology to examine the mutual relationship between Lutheranism and society in Finland. The two main foci are (i) the historical effects of the Reformation and its aftermath on societal structures and on national identity, values, linguistic culture, education, and the economy, and (ii) the adaptation of the church – and its theology – to changes in the geo-political and sociocultural context. Important sub-themes include nationalism and religion, the secularization and institutionalization of traditional values, multiple Protestant ethics, and long continuities in history. Overall the book argues that large changes in societies cannot be explained via ‘secular’ factors alone, such as economic development or urbanization, but that factors pertaining to religion provide substantial explanatory power for understanding societal change and the resulting societal structures.
Values --- Society --- Secularization --- Nationalism --- Lutheranism --- Finland
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Ethics is a vigorously contested field. There are many competing moral frameworks, and different views about how normative considerations should inform the art and craft of governmental policy making. What is not in dispute, however, is that ethics matters. The ethical framework adopted by policy analysts and decision makers not only shapes how policy problems are defined, framed and analysed, but also influences which ethical principles and values are taken into account and their weighting. As a result, ethics can have a profound impact, both on the character of the policy process and the choices made by decision makers. Public Policy – Why Ethics Matters brings together original contributions from leading scholars and practitioners with expertise in various academic disciplines, including economics, philosophy, physics, political science, public policy and theology. The volume addresses three main issues: fist, the ethical considerations that should inform the conduct of public officials and the task of policy analysis; second, the ethics of climate change; and third, ethics and economic policy. While the contributors have varying views on these important issues, they share a common conviction that the ethical dimensions of public policy need to be better understood and given proper attention in the policy-making process.
political ethics --- social values --- moral --- ethics --- decision making
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During the 1980s and 1990s Asian 'developmental states' attracted much attention in political science and economics literature, but the role of law in the economic development was neglected. It was only after the Asian crisis of 1997 that many analysts began to focus on a lack of regulation and transparency as a major factor triggering the crisis. The crucial questions now are how successful the current reforms will be, and which features of the Asian approach to commercial law will be resistant to reform pressures. This book examines the prospects for commercial law reform in Asia, giving particular attention to Japan and Singapore, as frequently cited role models for Asian developmentalism, and also examining development related business laws in countries such as China, Korea, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam and the Philippines.
administrative --- guidance --- developmental --- states --- fair --- trade --- commission --- asian --- values --- crisis
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In view of the challenges-many of which are political-that different European countries are currently facing, scholars who work on the eighteenth century have compiled this anthology which includes earlier recognitions of common values and past considerations of questions which oft en remain pertinent nowadays. During the Enlightenment, many men and women of letters envisaged the continent's future in particular when stressing their hope that peace could be secured in Europe. The texts gathered here, and signed by major thinkers of the time (Rousseau, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Kant, Hume or Staël for instance), as well as by writers history has forgotten, present the reflections, with a couple of chronological extensions (from Sully to Victor Hugo) of authors from the long eighteenth century-the French Empire and the fall of Napoleon generated numerous upheavals-on Europe, its history, its diversity, but also on what the nations, which, in all their diversity, make up a geographical unit, have in common. They show the historical origins of the project of a European union, the desire to consolidate the continent's ties to the Maghreb or to Turkey, the importance granted to commerce and the worries engendered by history's convulsions, but also the hope vested in future generations.
peace --- Europe --- Enlightenment --- European Union --- anthology --- common values
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L’autore offre uno sguardo multidisciplinare, attingendo contributi dalla filosofia –in particolare dal pragmatismo americano e dall’ermeneutica continentale contemporanea- e innestandoli su un matrice sociologica. Di particolare rilievo sono la sua teoria circa l’origine dei valori, il tema dei diritti umani, le riflessioni sul ruolo della religione nella società contemporanea e sul significato moderno della guerra. Il volume è introdotto da un saggio di Ugo Perone, Direttore della Scuola di Alta Formazione filosofica.
philosophy --- pragmatism --- hermeneutics --- sociology --- contemporary values --- human rights --- religion --- war
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Small islands have received growing attention in the context of climate change. Rising sea-levels, intensifying storms, changing rainfall patterns and increasing temperatures force islanders to deal with and adapt to a changing climate. How do they respond to the challenge? What works, what doesn’t – and why? The present volume addresses these questions by exploring adaptation experiences in small islands across the world’s oceans from various perspectives and disciplines, including geography, anthropology, political science, psychology, and philosophy. The contributions to the volume focus on political and financial difficulties of climate change governance; highlight the importance of cultural values, local knowledge and perceptions in and for adaptation; and question to what extent mobility and migration constitute sustainable adaptation. Overall, the contributions highlight the diversity of island contexts, but also their specific challenges; they present valuable lessons for both adaptation success and failure, and emphasise island resilience and agency in the face of climate change.
political difficulties --- financial difficulties --- cultural values --- local knowledge
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This book provides the international reader with the first study of different generations and intergenerational relations in Estonia. The chapters highlight generational patterns in the 20th and 21st centuries, with the volume as a whole taking an interdisciplinary approach. Sharing the idea that generations are dynamic, that their borders are blurred and change over time, and that their construction is interdependent, the authors have each chosen a specific perspective on and framework for generations. Several studies take an interest in how and by whom generations are constructed, and how generational identity has been perceived and reshaped over time. Others use generation as a concept or an analytical tool with which to investigate different social processes, or as a community of experience and carrier of memory. The volume suggests novel and diverse approaches to the definition of generation and the formation of generational consciousness, as well as to generational theory.
transition --- values --- memory --- generations --- generational identity --- generational patterns --- cohorts --- intergenerational relations
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