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Biomolecular self-assembly provides a green, facile, and highly effective method to synthesize various functional nanomaterials that have exhibited considerable potential in the fields of nanotechnology, materials science, biomedicine, tissue engineering, food science, energy storage, and environmental science. In this collection of articles, we presented recent advance in the synthesis, characterization, and applications of self-assembled bio-nanomaterials. In a comprehensive review article, the controlled self-assembly of biomolecules including DNA, protein, peptide, enzymes, virus, and biopolymers via internal interactions and external simulations is introduced and discussed in detail. In other research articles, the self-assembly of DNA, protein, peptide, bio-drugs, liquid crystal polycarbonates, and diblock copolymers to various biomimetic/bioinspired nanomaterials and their potential applications in nanopatterning, sensors/biosensors, drug delivery, anti-parasite, and water purification are demonstrated.

directed self-assembly --- lamellar diblock copolymer --- polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) --- nanoimprint lithography --- pattern transfer --- modular coassemble --- synergistic codelivery --- polymeric prodrug --- stimulisensitive release --- biocompatibility --- amphipathic polycarbonates --- cholesteryl --- liquid crystal --- self-assembly --- drug release --- Meloidogyne incognita --- Abamectin --- flash nanoprecipitation --- amphiphilic block copolymers --- spindle-like nanoparticles --- dicyanostilbene --- triphenylphosphonium --- self-assembly --- ROS detection --- protein --- self-assembly --- graphene oxide --- membrane --- water purification --- self-assembly --- biomolecules --- nanostructures --- interactions --- external stimulations --- DNA film --- micromechanical biosensor --- elastic property --- natural frequency --- multiscale method

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Dendrimers have firmly established their space in the macromolecular field since their first discovery in 1978. These monodispersed and hyperbranched macromolecules present unique properties with demonstrated potential in varied scientific disciplines. Dr. Donald A Tomalia is one of the pioneers in this area whose name is synonym for polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers, one of the most extensively investigated macromolecular architectures. In this monograph, his colleagues and friends celebrate Don’s achievements and contributions to the field, on the occasion of his 80th birthday in 2018, which also coincides with the 40th anniversary of the first report on dendrimers. It provides the reader with excellent reviews on different aspects of dendritic architectures, followed by research articles that explore the state-of-the-art in synthesis, properties and varied applications, including in biology. Collectively, it provides scientists just beginning their careers, as well as firmly established ones, with the pulse of the field and inspiration to continue to explore these intriguing macromolecules.

Dendrimers --- hyperbranched macromolecules --- PAMAM dendrimers --- phosphorhydrozone dendrimers --- dendrimers in medicine --- dendritic micro-hydrogels --- bioadhesive dendrimers --- dendrimer self-assembly --- dentromers.

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Phages have shown a high biotechnological potential with numerous applications. The advent of high-resolution microscopy techniques aligned with omic and molecular tools have revealed innovative phage features and enabled new processes that can be further exploited for biotechnological applications in a wide variety of fields. The high-quality original articles and reviews presented in this Special Issue demonstrate the incredible potential of phages and their derived proteins in a wide range of biotechnological applications for human benefit. Considering the emergence of amazing new available bioengineering tools and the high abundance of phages and the multitude of phage proteins yet to be discovered and studied, we believe that the upcoming years will present us with many more fascinating and new previously unimagined phage-based biotechnological applications.

gene expression regulation --- molecular probe --- macromolecular interactions --- phage-host interaction --- bacteriophage --- endolysin --- Clostridium perfringens --- alpha-sheet --- cancerous tumors --- capsid dynamics --- drug delivery vehicles --- native gel electrophoresis --- neurodegenerative disease --- pathogenic viruses --- phage display --- landscape phage --- major coat protein --- nanomedicine --- diagnostics --- biosensors --- M13 bacteriophage --- biofilm --- porous structure --- filters --- self-assembly --- T7phage library --- sarcoidosis --- tuberculosis --- microarray --- immunoscreening --- R-type pyocin --- bacteriocin --- contractile injection systems --- Pseudomonas aeruginosa --- X-ray crystallography --- receptor-binding protein --- Shigella flexneri --- bacteriophage --- tailspike proteins --- O-antigen --- serotyping --- microtiter plate assay --- fluorescence sensor --- bacteriophages --- encapsulation --- niosomes --- transfersomes --- liposomes --- Staphylococcus aureus --- phage --- Enterococcus faecalis --- Streptococcus agalactiae --- culture enrichment --- bacteriophage --- diagnostics --- Listeria monocytogenes --- endolysin --- magnetic separation --- reporter phage --- endolysin --- Pal --- Cpl-1 --- safety --- toxicity --- immune response --- Streptococcus pneumoniae --- self-assembly --- nanotubular structures --- tail sheath protein --- bacteriophage vB_EcoM_FV3 --- Appelmans --- bacteriophage evolution --- bacteriophage recombination --- phage therapy --- Pseudomonas aeruginosa --- antibiotic resistance --- bacteriophages --- Myoviridae --- bacteriophage-derived lytic enzyme --- enzybiotics --- endolysin --- in vitro activity --- ESKAPE --- n/a

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Silicon has been proven to be remarkably resilient as a commercial electronic material. The microelectronics industry has harnessed nanotechnology to continually push the performance limits of silicon devices and integrated circuits. Rather than shrinking its market share, silicon is displacing “competitor” semiconductors in domains such as high-frequency electronics and integrated photonics. There are strong business drivers underlying these trends; however, an important contribution is also being made by research groups worldwide, who are developing new configurations, designs, and applications of silicon-based nanoscale and nanostructured materials. This Special Issue features a selection of papers which illustrate recent advances in the preparation of chemically or physically engineered silicon-based nanostructures and their application in electronic, photonic, and mechanical systems.

nano silica sol --- long-term mechanical tests --- fluctuating temperature-humidity conditions --- micro-mechanism --- silicon quantum dots --- localized surface plasmon resonances --- light emitting devices --- gold nanoparticles --- electroluminescence enhancement --- nanomembranes --- optical gain media --- group-IV semiconductors --- strain engineering --- SiC nanowires --- C/C composites --- in-situ growth --- mechanical properties --- silicon carbide --- ultrathin nanowires --- nanofabrication --- self-aligned nanowires --- telecom wavelengths --- quantum photonics --- silicon --- silicon carbide --- nanoparticles --- nanowires --- graphene oxide --- self-assembly --- thermal reduction --- thin film transistor --- single-crystal Si nanomembrane (Si NMs) --- TiO2 insertion layer --- ohmic contact

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The combination of functional polymers with inorganic nanostructured compounds has become a major area of research and technological development owing to the remarkable properties and multifunctionalities deriving from their nano and hybrid structures. In this context, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSSs) have increasing importance and a dominant position with respect to the reinforcement of polymeric materials. Although POSSs were first described in 1946 by Scott, these materials, however, have not immediately been successful if we consider that, starting from 1946 and up to 1995, we find in the literature 85 manuscripts regarding POSSs; which means that less than two papers per year were published over 50 years. Since 1995, we observe an exponential growth of scientific manuscripts concerning POSSs. It is changing from an annual average of 20 manuscripts for the period 1995–2000 to an annual average of about 400 manuscripts, with an increase of 2800%. The introduction of POSSs inorganic nanostructures into polymers gives rise to polymer nanostructured materials (PNMs) with interesting mechanical and physical properties, thus representing a radical alternative to the traditional filled polymers or polymer compositions.

direct synthesis --- grafting synthesis --- mercapto-modified --- bridged silsesquioxane --- polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes --- POSS --- composites --- thermal stability --- fluorescent sensors --- nitroaromatic explosives --- polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-based ionic liquids --- self-assembly behaviors --- thiol-ene ‘click’ reaction --- siloxane-silsesquioxane resins --- polypropylene --- thermogravimetry --- cone calorimeter tests --- flame-retardant mechanism --- POSS --- filler --- low refractive material --- thermal stability --- fluoropolymer --- polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) --- double-decker-shaped silsesquioxane (DDSQ) --- polyimide --- thermal stability --- dielectric constant --- poly(?-caprolactone) nanocomposite --- POSS nanoparticles --- dispersion --- morphology --- thermal properties --- mechanical properties --- surface properties --- phthalonitrile polymers --- phthalonitrile-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane copolymers --- cyanate ester --- blends --- thermal properties --- POSS-based copolymer --- graphene oxide --- flame retardant --- epoxy resin --- giant surfactant --- thiol–ene “click” reaction --- polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) --- poly(?-caprolactone) --- aqueous self-assembly --- POSS --- ridgid polyurethane foams --- mechanical properties --- cellular structure --- bi-functional POSS --- hydrophobic modification --- thermoplastic polyurethane --- mechanical performance --- silsesquioxanes --- optoelectronics --- OLEDs --- Monomethacryloxy POSS --- lauryl methacrylate --- polymerization kinetics --- anchor effect --- octa-ammonium POSS --- sodium alginate --- hydrogels --- temperature responsiveness --- Octavinyl-POSS --- organic-inorganic crosslinking --- Si@C anode --- lithium ion battery --- mechanism analysis --- monodisperse --- nanocomposites --- damping --- POSS --- liquefied --- benzoxazine --- POSS --- organic-inorganic hybrids --- epoxy resin --- thermal properties --- flame retardancy --- n/a