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Global concern about climate change caused by the exploitation of fossil fuels is encouraging the use of renewable energies. For instance, the European Union aims to be climate neutral by 2050. Biogas is an interesting renewable energy source due to its high calorific value. Today, biogas is mainly used for the production of electricity and heat by a combined heat and power engine. However, before its valorization, biogas needs to be desulfurized (H2S removal) to avoid corrosion and sulfur oxides emissions during its combustion. Biogas can be upgraded (CO2 removal) and used as vehicle fuel or injected into the natural gas grid. In the last 15 years, significant advances have occurred in the development of biological desulfurization processes. In this book with five chapters, the reader can find some of the latest advances in the biogas desulfurization and an overview of the state-of-the-art research. Three of them are research studies and two are reviews concerning the current state of biogas desulfurization technologies, economic analysis of alternatives, and the microbial ecology in biofiltration units. Biogas desulfurization is considered to be essential by many stakeholders (biogas producers, suppliers of biogas upgrading devices, gas traders, researchers, etc.) all around the world.
packing material --- PVC --- open-pore polyurethane foam --- PET --- Teflon --- biotrickling filter --- hydrogen sulfide elimination --- H2S --- hydrogen sulfide --- anoxic biotrickling filter --- biogas --- Ottengraf’s model --- open polyurethane foam --- response surface methodology --- biogas --- hydrogen sulfide --- removal process --- biogas --- desulfurization --- hydrogen sulfide --- sulfur-oxidizing bacteria --- biofiltration --- biotrickling filters --- anoxic biofiltration --- autotrophic denitrification --- microbial ecology --- molecular techniques --- desulphurisation --- biogas --- in-situ biogas desulphurisation --- anaerobic digestion --- post-biogas desulphurisation --- hydrogen sulfide --- biogas --- desulfurization --- biotrickling filter --- anoxic --- response surface methodology --- microbial ecology --- sulfur-oxidizing bacteria --- packing material --- anaerobic digestion
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Due to increasing global food needs as a result of population growth, the use of new food sources has gained interest in the last decade. However, the inclusion of new foods in our diet, as well as the increased interest of the population in consuming foods with better nutritional properties, has increased the need for adequate food analytical methods. This monographic issue presents innovative methods of chemical analysis of foods, as well as the nutritional and chemical characterization of foods whose consumption is expected to increase worldwide in the coming years.
refined commercial salmon oil --- n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFAs) concentration --- EPA --- DHA --- EPA+DHA --- total FA yield --- process variable maximization --- response surface methodology (RSM) --- multiple response optimization --- desirability function --- avocado oil --- oil extraction --- antioxidants compounds --- fatty acid profile --- water holding capacity --- seaweeds --- Gracilaria --- carbohydrates --- fatty acids --- vitamins --- deep eutectic solvents --- Artemisia argyi leaves --- phenolic acids --- extraction --- response surface methodology --- amaranth protein --- flavourzyme --- alcalase --- bioactive peptides --- hydrolysates --- N-carbamylglutamate --- feeds --- animal products --- milk --- HPLC-MS/MS --- acrylamide --- crisps --- temperature --- frying time --- blanching --- thickness --- scorpion (Buthus martensii Karsch) protein --- ultrasonic extraction --- response surface methodology --- scanning electron microscopy --- functional properties --- Amazonian fruits --- antioxidant --- phenolic compounds --- UPLC-MSE --- bioactive compounds --- prebiotic --- polysaccharides --- seaweed --- Rhodophyceae --- Phaeophyceae --- Chlorophyceae --- n/a
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The present Special Issue, “Innovative Extraction Techniques and Hyphenated Instrument Configuration for Complex Matrices Analysis”, aims to collect and to disseminate some of the most significant and recent contributions in the interdisciplinary area of innovative extraction procedures from complex matrices followed by validated analytical methods using hyphenated instrument configurations to support the optimization of the whole process and the scale-up possibility
branched-chain keto acids --- serum --- muscle --- HPLC-Q-TOF/MS --- wood --- odor --- volatile organic compounds --- gas chromatography-olfactometry --- Wuyi Rock tea --- quality --- UPLC-QTOF MS --- UPLC-QqQ MS --- metabolite profiling --- metabolomics --- cluster analysis --- cultivars --- Lycium ruthenicun --- flavonoid --- ruthenicunoid A --- SIRT1 --- Asphodeline lutea --- HPLC-PDA --- heavy metals --- tyrosinase --- diabetes --- neurodegenerative disease --- color analysis --- pigments --- MAE --- HPLC-PDA --- SFE --- Thymus algeriensis --- rare earth elements --- flow injection --- inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry --- seawater --- Hericium erinaceuns mycelium --- high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) --- genistein --- daidzein --- Fe3O4 --- modification --- alginate --- alkaloid --- ultrasound assisted extraction --- gelatin --- actinidin --- bovine hide --- physicochemical properties --- gel strength --- Semen Cuscutae --- ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry --- chlorogenic acids --- flavonoids --- steamed Panax notoginseng --- saponins --- extraction --- optimization --- antioxidant activity --- response surface methodology --- hematopoiesis --- microwave processing --- response surface methodology --- minor ginsenosides --- blood-enriching activity --- hemostatic activity --- ionic liquids --- sample preparation --- microextraction --- solid-phase microextraction --- dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction --- single-drop microextraction --- stir bar sorptive extraction --- stir cake sorptive extraction --- rosuvastatin --- metformin --- HILIC --- LC-MS --- therapeutic drug monitoring --- oolong tea --- Tieguanyin tea cultivar --- metabolite profiling --- UPLC-QTOF MS --- metabolomics --- Ajuga genevensis --- near-infrared spectroscopy --- dry extract --- fluid bed process --- microNIR --- in-line monitoring --- total polyphenolic content --- antioxidant --- flavonoids --- mouse melanoma B16 cells --- Panax notoginseng --- surfactant --- n/a --- ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry --- GHB --- GHB glucuronide --- nails --- endogenous values --- walnut septum --- polyphenols --- phytosterols --- HPLC-MS/MS --- Ultra-Turrax extraction --- biological activity --- antioxidant activity --- experimental design --- optimization --- phytochemicals
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This book is a collection of 13 innovative papers describing the state of the art and the future perspectives in solid-phase extraction covering several analytical fields prior to the use of gas or liquid chromatographic analysis. New sorptive materials are presented including carbon nanohorn suprastructures on paper support, melamine sponge functionalized with urea–formaldehyde co-oligomers, chiral metal–organic frameworks, UiO-66-based metal–organic frameworks, and fabric phase sorptive media for various applications. Solid-phase extraction can be applied in several formats aside from the conventional cartridges or mini-column approach, e.g., online solid-phase extraction, dispersive solid-phase microextraction, and in-syringe micro-solid-phase extraction can be very helpful for analyte pre-concentration and sample clean-up. Polycyclic musks in aqueous samples, 8-Nitroguanine in DNA by chemical derivatization antibacterial diterpenes from the roots of salvia prattii, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in aater samples by bamboo charcoal-based SPE, parabens in environmental water samples, benzotriazoles as environmental pollutants, organochlorine pesticide residues in various fruit juices and water samples and synthetic peptide purification are among the applications cited in this collection. All these outstanding contributions highlight the necessity of this analytical step, present the advantages and disadvantages of each method and focus on the green analytical chemistry guidelines that have to be fulfilled in current analytical practices.
graphene --- solid-phase extraction --- polycyclic musks --- water --- GC–MS/MS --- online solid-phase extraction --- LC-MS/MS --- peroxynitrite --- nitrated DNA lesion --- derivatization --- isotope-dilution --- Salvia prattii --- antibacterial diterpenes --- hydrophilic solid-phase extraction --- preparative high-performance liquid chromatography --- bamboo charcoal --- solid-phase extraction --- perfluoroalkyl acids --- liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry --- carbon nanohorns --- sorptive phase --- paper --- microextraction --- antidepressants --- in-syringe micro solid-phase extraction --- personal care products --- response surface methodology --- parabens --- wastewater --- benzotriazoles --- solid-phase extraction --- environmental samples --- solid-phase extraction --- melamine sponge --- urea-formaldehyde co-oligomers --- HPLC-DAD --- metal-organic frameworks --- enantiomeric excess --- chiral compounds --- solid-phase extraction --- metal-organic frameworks --- dispersive solid-phase extraction --- organic pollutants --- analyte partitioning --- FPSE --- in-house loaded SPE --- HPLC-PDA --- method validation --- IBD --- extraction --- fabric phase sorptive extraction --- gas chromatography-mass spectrometry --- organochlorine pesticides --- sample preparation --- peptide --- solid phase extraction (SPE) --- preparative purification --- gradient elution --- solid phase peptide synthesis
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Mineral processing deals with complex particle systems with two-, three- and more phases. The modeling and understanding of these systems are a challenge for research groups and a need for the industrial sector. This Special Issue aims to present new advances, methodologies, applications, and case studies of computer-aided analysis applied to multiphase systems in mineral processing. This includes aspects such as modeling, design, operation, optimization, uncertainty analysis, among other topics. The special issue contains a review article and eleven articles that cover different methodologies of modeling, design, optimization, and analysis in problems of adsorption, leaching, flotation, and magnetic separation, among others. Consequently, the topics covered are of interest to readers from academia and industry.
silver leaching --- thiosulfate --- mining residues --- kinetic analysis --- Pb(II)–BHA --- lead chemistry --- metal–organic collectors --- DFT calculation --- surface activation --- SEM-based image analysis --- MLA (Mineral Liberation Analyzer) --- magnetic separation --- cassiterite --- partition curve --- local regression --- froth flotation --- recovery arrangement --- circuit configuration --- process design --- K-feldspar --- tobermorite --- hydrogarnet --- hydrothermal reaction --- phase analysis --- design --- flotation circuits --- Tabu-search algorithm --- multispecies --- thickening --- water recovery --- Boycott effect --- tailings --- settling velocity --- natural convection --- fluorapatite --- density functional theory --- frontier molecular orbital --- flotation mechanism --- process optimization process --- heap leaching --- modes of operation --- discrete event simulation --- quartz --- DFT calculation --- hydroxylation --- adsorption --- flotation --- CFD --- cyclonic flow field --- flotation column --- endoscopic laser PIV --- turbulence models --- computational fluid dynamic --- molecular dynamics --- density functional theory --- discrete element simulation --- smoothed particle hydrodynamics --- flotation --- grinding --- response surface methodology --- machine learning --- artificial neural networks --- support vector machine --- hydrocyclone --- global sensitivity analysis --- uncertainty analysis --- n/a
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The re-use of industrial food residues is essential in the general framework of rational waste handling and recycling, which aims at the minimizing environmental impact of food production and producing functional food ingredients. Agri-food processing waste has long been considered a valuable biomass with a significant polyphenol load and profile. Polyphenols, aside from being powerful antioxidants that confer inherent stability to a variety of foods, may possess versatile bioactivities including anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive properties. The valorization of agri-food waste as a prominent source of polyphenols stems from the enormous amount of food-related material discharged worldwide and the emerging eco-friendly technologies that allow high recovery, recycling, and sustainable use of these materials. This book addresses the concept of recovering natural polyphenolic antioxidants from waste biomass generated by agri-food and related industrial processes and presents state-of-the-art applications with prospect in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
green oleo-extraction --- zero-waste biorefinery --- natural antioxidants and flavors --- food-grade solvents --- vegetable oils and derivatives --- relative solubility simulation --- polyphenols --- antioxidant --- anti-inflammatory --- extraction --- functional food --- olive leaves --- infrared-assisted extraction --- response surface methodology --- antioxidants --- antimicrobial activity --- Box–Behnken design --- proanthocyanidins --- Brewers’ spent grains --- sonotrode ultrasonic-assisted extraction --- HPLC-fluorometric detector (FLD)–MS --- phenolics --- antioxidants --- anti-ageing --- skin whitening --- grape marc --- wine lees --- brewer’s spent grain --- polyphenols --- microwave assisted extraction --- ultrasound assisted extraction --- liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry --- olive mill wastewater --- polyphenols --- valorization --- adsorbents --- ophthalmic hydrogel --- anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity --- Mango --- by-products --- antiplatelet activity --- bioactive compounds --- HPLC-DAD-q-TOF-MS --- Dioscorea batatas --- Chinese yam --- phenanthrenes --- quantitative analysis --- anthocyanins --- antioxidants --- deep eutectic solvents --- extraction --- polyphenols --- saffron --- n/a
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The subject of this book is ""Biofuel and Bioenergy Technology"". It aims to publish high-quality review and research papers, addressing recent advances in biofuel and bioenergy. State-of-the-art studies of advanced techniques of biorefinery for biofuel production are also included. Research involving experimental studies, recent developments, and novel and emerging technologies in this field are covered. This book contains twenty-seven technical papers which cover diversified biofuel and bioenergy technology-related research that have shown critical results and contributed significant findings to the fields of biomass processing, pyrolysis, bio-oil and its emulsification; transesterification and biodiesel, gasification and syngas, fermentation and biogas/methane, bioethanol and alcohol-based fuels, solid fuel and biochar, and microbial fuel cell and power generation development. The published contents relate to the most important techniques and analyses applied in the biofuel and bioenergy technology.
air-steam gasification --- equilibrium model --- tar --- energy exchange --- exergy efficiency --- bio-electro-Fenton microbial fuel cells (Bio-E-Fenton MFCs) --- wastewater --- photo catalyst --- degradation --- calcination --- chemical oxygen demand (COD) --- MFC --- hydrodynamic boundary layer --- recirculation mode --- shear rate --- voltage --- charge transfer resistance --- biodiesel --- direct transesterification --- Rhodotorula glutinis --- single cell oil --- biogas --- tri-reforming process --- syngas --- methane and carbon dioxide conversion --- hydrogen/carbon monoxide ratio --- first-law/second-law efficiency --- biodiesel --- esterification --- liquid lipase --- superabsorbent polymer --- response surface methodology --- waste wood --- torrefaction --- energy yield --- mass yield --- CHO index --- gross calorific value --- Van Krevelen diagram --- anaerobic digestion --- biogas production --- wastewater treatment --- membrane bioreactors --- anaerobic digestion --- methane --- carbon dioxide --- small-scale biogas plants --- developing countries --- SOFC --- validation --- simulation --- exergy --- syngas --- Chlorella --- coal-fired flue-gas --- screening --- biodiesel property --- mixotrophic cultivation --- thermophilic anaerobic digestion --- corn stover --- prairie cord grass --- unbleached paper --- digester performance --- process stability --- synergistic effects --- microbial community --- Methanothermobacter --- biochemical methane potential --- redox potential reduction --- direct interspecies electron transfer --- electroactive biofilm --- Nejayote --- granular activated carbon --- Jerusalem artichoke --- lignocellulose --- acid pretreatment --- nitric acid --- alkali pretreatment --- enzymatic hydrolysis --- ethanol fermentation --- waste biomass --- Vietnam --- solid biofuel --- calorific value --- mechanical durability --- fatty acid methyl ester --- catalyst --- viscosity --- iodine value --- acidity index --- sewage sludge --- pyrolytic oil --- Taguchi method --- thermogravimetric analysis --- synergistic effect --- combined pretreatment --- ball mill --- ethanol organosolv --- herbaceous biomass --- lignin recovery --- Annona muricata --- biodiesel production --- seed oil --- soursop --- two-step process --- response surface methodology --- RSM --- second-generation biodiesel --- stone fruit --- optimisation --- biodiesel testing --- transesterification --- lignocellulosic biomass --- Miscanthus --- mechanical pretreatment --- organosolv pretreatment --- microbial biofuel --- metabolic engineering --- alkanes --- alcohols --- acetone --- electrochemical hydrogenation --- isopropanol --- membrane contamination --- polymer electrolyte membrane --- relative humidity --- diesel --- Carica papaya --- engine performance --- biodiesel --- characterisation --- porosity --- thermophoretic force --- biomass fuel --- non-premixed combustion --- counter-flow structure --- mathematical modeling --- emulsification --- liquefaction --- bio-oils --- co-surfactant --- surfactant --- diesel --- biogas --- Clostridiales --- hydrogen-producing bacteria --- bioreactors --- anaerobic fermentation --- anaerobic digestion --- microbial community composition
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The Special Issue Machining—Recent Advances, Applications and Challenges is intended as a humble collection of some of the hottest topics in machining. The manufacturing industry is a varying and challenging environment where new advances emerge from one day to another. In recent years, new manufacturing procedures have retained increasing attention from the industrial and scientific community. However, machining still remains the key operation to achieve high productivity and precision for high-added value parts. Continuous research is performed, and new ideas are constantly considered. This Special Issue summarizes selected high-quality papers which were submitted, peer-reviewed, and recommended by experts. It covers some (but not only) of the following topics: High performance operations for difficult-to-cut alloys, wrought and cast materials, light alloys, ceramics, etc.; Cutting tools, grades, substrates and coatings. Wear damage; Advanced cooling in machining: Minimum quantity of lubricant, dry or cryogenics; Modelling, focused on the reduction of risks, the process outcome, and to maintain surface integrity; Vibration problems in machines: Active and passive/predictive methods, sources, diagnosis and avoidance; Influence of machining in new concepts of machine–tool, and machine static and dynamic behaviors; Machinability of new composites, brittle and emerging materials; Assisted machining processes by high-pressure, laser, US, and others; Introduction of new analytics and decision making into machining programming. We wish to thank the reviewers and staff from Materials for their comments, advice, suggestions and invaluable support during the development of this Special Issue.
dry-cutting --- concrete --- segmented diamond blade --- topography --- diameter variation --- weight loss --- in situ estimation --- SACE-drilled hole depth --- spark-assisted chemical engraving --- glass machining --- computer vision --- electrochemical discharge machining --- butt weld joint --- fatigue --- crack growth rate --- weld reinforcement --- cooling rate --- artificial neutral network --- cutting parameters --- magnesium alloys --- optimization --- prime machining costs --- surface roughness --- electropulsing --- machinability --- chip compression ratio --- current density --- specific cutting energy --- cutting edge microgeometry --- residual stress --- finite element model --- cutting edge preparation --- Inconel 718 --- stiffness properties --- parameter identification --- connections --- machine tool --- response surface methodology --- design of experiments --- modal testing --- plastic zone --- fracture mechanism --- steel sheet --- cutting process --- Huber–Mises stress --- finite element method --- microscopic analysis --- PVD Ti0.41Al0.59N/Ti0.55Al0.45N coating --- cutting temperature --- Inconel 718 --- cutting tool wear --- secondary adhesion wear --- turning --- machining --- aluminium --- flank super abrasive machining (SAM) --- flank milling --- Inconel® 718 --- roughness --- residual stress --- machine vision --- on-machine monitoring --- tool insert condition --- computer numerical control --- turning machine tools --- multi-beam laser --- heat transfer analysis --- fast simulation --- GPU --- analytic solution --- minimum quantity lubrication --- surface grinding --- multi-objective optimization --- grey relational analysis --- surface topography --- sustainable machining --- Gamma-TiAl --- superalloys --- slight materials --- drilling --- titanium aluminides --- additive manufacturing --- single point incremental sheet forming --- residual stresses --- X-ray diffraction --- ultra-precision machining --- slow tool servo --- surface topography --- simulation --- microlens array --- sinusoidal grid --- Milling stability --- variable pitch --- chatter --- self-excitation --- milling --- ceramics --- ductile machining --- PCD --- corner radius --- material removal rate --- adhesive --- machining --- modelling --- dry --- CFRP/UNS A92024 --- induction assisted milling --- tool wear --- taguchi method --- cutting tool --- machining temperatures at two deformation zones --- force–temperature correlation through analytical modeling --- high computational efficiency --- real-time prediction --- hybrid stacks drilling --- minimum quantity lubrication --- hole quality --- tool wear --- WEDM --- EN 31 steel --- surface roughness --- fractal dimension --- ANN --- GA --- cryogenic machining --- cutting tool --- cutting geometry --- titanium --- power consumption --- material-removal rate --- specific energy consumption --- grain density --- modeling --- shape memory alloy --- superelastic nitinol --- WEDM --- heat transfer search algorithm --- DSC test --- shape memory effect --- dish angle --- trochoidal step --- response surface methodology --- surface roughness --- desirability approach --- tool wear --- trochoidal milling --- titanium alloy --- chip morphology --- thin-wall machining --- chatter --- vibration --- deflection --- damping --- prediction --- workholding --- fixture --- dynamic --- stability --- titanium alloys --- machining --- turning --- machinability --- tool wear --- laser-assisted machining --- Taguchi method --- optimal machining conditions --- machining characteristic --- milling --- the cutting force components --- vibrations --- magnesium alloys --- artificial neural networks
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Human needs like food and clean water are directly related to good maintenance of healthy and productive soils. A good understanding of human impact on the natural environment is therefore necessary to preserve and manage soil and water resources. This knowledge is particularly important in semi-arid and arid regions, where the increasing demands on limited water supplies require urgent efforts to improve water quality and water use efficiency. It is important to keep in mind that both soil and water are limited resources. Thus, wise use of these natural resources is a fundamental prerequisite for the sustainability of human societies. This book collects 15 original scientific contributions addressing the state of the art of soil and water conservation research. Contributions cover a wide range of topics, including (1) recovery of soil hydraulic properties; (2) erosion risk; (3) novel modeling, monitoring and experimental approaches for soil hydraulic characterization; (4) improvement of crop yields; (5) water availability; and (6) soil salinity. This collection provides more insights into conservation strategies for effective and sustainable soil and water management.
soil moisture storage --- van Genuchten model --- distributed model --- Xin’anjiang model --- TOPMODEL --- bimsoils --- critical hydraulic gradient (CHG) --- response surface methodology --- multi-parameter evaluation --- laboratory experiment --- soil block --- subsurface flow --- macropore network --- spatial scale --- polyurethane foam --- hillslope --- soil water content --- field observation --- three-dimensional model --- numerical model --- delta plain --- shallow groundwater --- unsaturated soil --- Richards equation --- the Trefftz method --- transient --- the meshless method --- vineyards --- infiltration rate --- age of planting --- saturated hydraulic conductivity --- Malawi --- conservation agriculture --- peer effects --- decision tree modeling --- olive grove --- sap flow --- relative transpiration --- FDR sensor --- EM38 --- fraction transpiration soil water --- transdisciplinary research --- Follow-the-Innovation --- innovation development --- electromagnetic induction meter (EM) --- The Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator (APSIM) software --- AquaCrop --- cereals --- DSSAT --- field scattering --- food security --- microdose fertilization --- rainfall variability --- tied ridges --- upgrading strategies --- soil properties --- saturated soil hydraulic conductivity --- soil infiltration --- Beerkan method --- post-fire soil hydraulic characterization --- infiltration --- bottomless bucket method --- single-ring infiltrometer --- field-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity --- data analysis procedures --- environmental change --- local perception --- food security --- adaptation --- soil tillage --- tillage erosion --- seedbed preparation --- water infiltration --- nitrogen use efficiency --- specific leaf water content --- vegetable production --- soil --- yield --- water and soil conservation --- sustainable land management --- soil erosion --- soil water storage --- water infiltration --- water availability --- crop yields
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This book will provide the most recent knowledge and advances in Sample Preparation Techniques for Separation Science. Everyone working in a laboratory must be familiar with the basis of these technologies, and they often involve elaborate and time-consuming procedures that can take up to 80% of the total analysis time. Sample preparation is an essential step in most of the analytical methods for environmental and biomedical analysis, since the target analytes are often not detected in their in-situ forms, or the results are distorted by interfering species. In the past decade, modern sample preparation techniques have aimed to comply with green analytical chemistry principles, leading to simplification, miniaturization, easy manipulation of the analytical devices, low costs, strong reduction or absence of toxic organic solvents, as well as low sample volume requirements.Modern Sample Preparation Approaches for Separation Science also provides an invaluable reference tool for analytical chemists in the chemical, biological, pharmaceutical, environmental, and forensic sciences.
vitamins --- extraction --- determination --- review --- sample preparation --- matrix solid phase dispersion --- sorbent --- miniaturization --- on-line --- blueberry --- non-anthocyanin polyphenol --- vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction --- response surface methodology --- desirability function approach --- nail --- curie temperature --- high-frequency heating --- liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry --- caffeine --- amlodipine --- gas chromatography --- hydrogel --- hormones --- pectin --- polyvinyl alcohol --- sample preparation --- in-tube SPME --- UHPLC-MS/MS --- organic-based monoliths --- antipsychotics --- plasma samples --- schizophrenic’ patients --- salting-out assisted liquid–liquid extraction --- sugaring-out assisted liquid–liquid extraction --- hydrophobic-solvent assisted liquid–liquid extraction --- subzero-temperature assisted liquid–liquid extraction --- phenolic compounds --- sorbent-based techniques --- multi-spheres adsorptive micro-extraction (MSA?E) --- floating sampling technology --- caffeine and acetaminophen tracers --- environmental water matrices --- vortex-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction --- China herbal tea --- pesticides residue --- aflatoxins --- UPLC-MS/MS --- vortex-synchronized matrix solid-phase dispersion --- crab shells --- ionic liquids --- anthraquinones --- Cassiae Semen --- sample preparation --- nanocomposite --- pathogenic --- enrichment --- nucleic acid isolation --- sample preparation with TLC/HPTLC --- solvent front position extraction --- solvent delivery with a moving pipette --- automation --- LC–MS/MS --- environmental analysis --- whole water --- trace analysis --- SPE --- large volume --- in-line filter --- sand --- flow rate --- pharmaceuticals --- hormones --- pesticides --- space instrumentation --- liquid chromatography --- oligopeptides --- trapping system --- membrane-based microextraction --- barbiturates --- simultaneous determination --- whole blood --- urine --- liver --- sample preparation --- oxylipins --- protein precipitation --- liquid–liquid extraction --- solid-phase extraction --- biological samples --- chlorophenoxy acid herbicides --- HPLC --- hydrophobic in-tube solid-phase microextraction --- poly (OMA-co-TRIM) monolithic column --- rice grains --- gold --- sample preparation --- preconcentration --- geological samples
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