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The High Performance Light Water Reactor is a nuclear reactor concept of the 4th generation which is cooled and moderated with supercritical water. The concept has been worked out by a consortium of European partners, co-funded by the European Commission. It features a once through steam cycle, a pressure vessel type reactor, and a compact containment with pressure suppression pool. The conceptual design enables to assess its feasibility, its safety features and its economic potential.

Nuclear Power Plant, Supercritical Water, Light Water Reactor, Conceptual Design

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The utilisation of the C4 streams of steamcrackers by converting raffinate II to maleic anhydride was studied. The oxidation reactions were investigated in a laboratory-scale fixed-bed reactor to determine reaction kinetics. The effects of pore diffusional resistance were investigated and explained. A two-dimensional pseudo-homogeneous reactor model was used for the simulation of a production-scale fixed-bed reactor. A flow scheme of the reactor section including a recycle was proposed.

Raffinate II , Maleic Anhydride , Partial Oxidation , Reaction Kinetics , Reactor Simulation

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Nuclear fusion is a key technology to satisfy the basic demand for electric energy sustainably. The official EUROfusion schedule foresees a first industrial DEMOnstration Fusion Power Plant for 2050. In this work several high temperature superconductor sub-size cables are investigated for their applicability in large scale DEMO toroidal field coils. Main focus lies on the electromechanical stability under the influence of high Lorentz forces at peak magnetic fields of up to 12 T.

DEMO Reaktor, Kernfusion, Toroidalfeldspulen, HochtemperatursupraleitungDEMO Reactor, Nuclear fusion, Magnet toroidal field coil, High temperature superconductors

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Palladium (Pd)-based membranes have received a great deal of attention from both academia and industry thanks to their ability to selectively separate hydrogen from gas streams. The integration of such membranes with appropriate catalysts in membrane reactors allows for hydrogen production with CO2 capture that can be applied in smaller bioenergy or combined heat and power (CHP) plants, as well as in large-scale power plants. Pd-based membranes are therefore regarded as a Key Enabling Technology (KET) to facilitate the transition towards a knowledge-based, low-carbon, and resource-efficient economy. This Special Issue of the journal Membranes on “Pd-based Membranes: Overview and Perspectives” contains nine peer-reviewed articles. Topics include manufacturing techniques, understanding of material phenomena, module and reactor design, novel applications, and demonstration efforts and industrial exploitation.

review --- palladium --- membrane --- Pd alloy --- electroless plating --- membrane reactor --- hydrogen separation --- hydrogen production --- MLLDP --- porous membrane --- pore mouth size distribution --- dense Pd membrane --- defect distribution --- methanol steam reforming --- hydrogen production --- modelling --- membrane reactors --- membrane --- hydrogen --- palladium alloy --- grain boundary --- chemical potential --- activity --- hydrides --- solubility --- membranes --- Pd-Ag membranes --- hydrogen permeation --- surface characterization --- solubility --- heat treatment --- Pd-based membrane --- hydrogen --- closed architecture --- open architecture --- gas to liquid --- propylene --- membrane reactor --- hydrogen --- palladium --- microstructured --- LOHC --- suspension plasma spraying --- LOHC --- dehydrogenation --- multi-stage --- PdAg-membrane --- micro reactor --- hydrogen purification --- palladium-based membrane --- hydrogen --- manufacturing --- demonstration

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Kinetics and reactor modeling for heterogeneous catalytic reactions are prominent tools for investigating and understanding catalyst functionalities at nanoscale and the related rates of complex reaction networks. This book illustrates some examples related to the transformation of simple to more complex feedstocks, including different types of reactor designs, i.e., steady-state, transient plug flow reactors, and TAP reactors for which there is sometimes a strong gap in the operating conditions from ultra-high-vacuum to high-pressure conditions. In conjunction, new methodologies have emerged, giving rise to more robust microkinetics models. As exemplified, they include the kinetics and the dynamics of the reactors and span a large range of length and time scales. The objective of this Special Issue is to provide contributions that can illustrate recent advances and novel methodologies for elucidating the kinetics of heterogeneous reactions and the necessary multiscale approach for optimizing the reactor design. This book is dedicated to postgraduate and scientific researchers, and experts in heterogeneous catalysis. It may also serve as a source of original information for the elaboration of lessons on catalysis for Master students.

2,3-Butanediol dehydration --- 1,3-Butadiene --- Methyl Ethyl Ketone --- amorphous calcium phosphate --- reactor modeling --- pilot-scale fixed-bed reactor --- gas-phase oxidation --- HNO3 --- hierarchical graphite felts --- selective oxidation --- H2S --- heats of adsorption --- FTIR spectroscopy --- AEIR method --- Temkin model --- kinetics --- kinetic model --- microkinetics --- cracking --- methanol-to-olefins (MTO) --- zeolite --- ZSM-5 --- ZSM-23 --- SAPO-18 --- SAPO-34 --- transient kinetics --- TAP reactor --- temporal analysis of products --- ammonia decomposition --- internal effectiveness factor --- effective diffusion coefficient --- N2O --- catalytic decomposition --- cobalt mixed oxide --- alkali metal --- promoter --- power-law --- Langmuir–Hinshelwood --- kinetic modeling --- Pd/?-Al2O3 --- catalytic combustion --- automation --- digitalization --- mechanism analysis --- rhodium --- methane --- n/a