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Depuis les années 1980, l’eau est devenue un objet de préoccupation au sein de la communauté internationale. Cette substance vitale a désormais acquis une valeur marchande qui dicte la conditionnalité de l'aide au développement dans les pays du Sud. Le forage hydraulique est au cœur de la réforme de privatisation qui traverse le Sénégal. Pour appréhender cette infrastructure, l’auteur revisite une posture ethnographique popularisée par l’École de Manchester : l’entrée sur le terrain par les conflits. En mettant en lumière les différents dysfonctionnements que connaissent les forages, elle interroge les processus au travers desquels se négocient et se construisent autorité publique et légitimité politique dans le Sénégal contemporain. Cette étude ethnographique minutieuse explore le processus de formation de l’État au carrefour de l’anthropologie politique, de l’anthropologie juridique et de l’anthropologie du développement. Le forage apparaît ici comme un lieu de l’État et pour l’État. À ce dernier, le forage permet de se construire et de se reproduire sur son territoire. Aux sciences sociales, de répondre aux questions suivantes : comment penser l’État ? Comment fonctionne-t-il en Afrique ?
State --- water --- citizenship --- privatization --- Senegal
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Businesses, philanthropies and non-profit entities are increasingly successful in capturing public funds to support private provision of schooling in developed and developing countries. Coupled with market-based reforms that include weak regulation, control over workforces, standardization of processes and economies of scale, private provision of schooling is often seen to be convenient for both public authorities and businesses. This book examines how the public subsidization of these forms of private education affects quality, equality and the realization of human rights.With original research from leading experts, The State, Business and Education sheds light on the privatization of education in fragile circumstances. It illustrates the ways in which private actors have expanded their involvement in education as a business, and shows the influence of policy borrowing on the spread of for-profit education. Case studies from Argentina, Bangladesh, Brazil, China, India and Syrian refugee camps illustrate the ways in which private actors have expanded their involvement in education as a business.This book will be of interest not only to academics and students of international and comparative education, but also to education development professionals in both the private and public sectors, with its empirical assessment of case studies, and careful consideration of the lessons to be learned from each.
education --- privatization --- standardization --- human rights --- public-private partnership --- policy
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This book addresses the transformations which have occurred in employment arrangements and practices in the Australian public sector over the past decade and the changes in responsibilities and accountability through employment contracts, whistleblower legislation and partnerships between government and the private sector. It provides a comparative context through studies of reconstruction of the public service in the United Kingdom and New Zealand. Themes of contractualisation, privatisation and outsourcing are explored and critically examined, as well as influences of the industrial relations legislative framework including the Work Choices legislation.
australia --- industrial relations --- civil service --- labor contract --- privatization --- new zealand --- great britain --- labor laws and legislation
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Governance and Public Administration in Switzerland Transformations before the Neoliberal Turn How did the state, its administration and its tasks change within the second half of the 20th century? To answer this question the articles in this book ana-lyze administrative practices as a crucial manifestation of statehood from the 1960s to the 1990s. Although the multilevel political system served as a stabi-lizing factor, a social and cultural readiness to reform also took shape, which has had a lasting impact on the management process. A neoliberal turn did not result immediately but a discussion in that direction was opened up. The book deals with the structure-building effect of subsidies, the commercializa-tion and privatization of state tasks, as well as with effects of scientific exper-tise on administration and politics. Transformations in education, youth, eco-nomic, migration and health policy are highlighted. Three different disciplinari-an viewpoints - history, history of education and political science are synthe-sized in the conclusion, which also outlines a relevant research program for contemporary history.
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Transitions from socialism to capitalism are complex, both in theory and practice. Russian Economic Reform enables the reader to come to a much better understanding of these momentous changes, by providing a clear and accessible account of the major features of transition. It argues that attempts to portray the reform process is a disaster are misconceived, because they fail to take account of just how badly the pre-reform economy was doing. Many of the problems that are emerging now have their antecedents in the earlier economic system.
economy --- free --- prices --- partial --- pre-reform --- system --- situation --- spontaneous --- privatization --- price
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""The list of contributors is impressive withnot a single dull chapter…; the editors are to be congratulated for making available such a stimulating and timely, if not timeless, collection"" - Slavic Review ""[T]his is a book that will serve many intellectual tastes and interests, and that will certainly prove thought provoking for anyone who reads it... I recommend it to anybody who wants to witness the analythical depth and span with which the meaning of 1989 can be approached."" - Extremism ...
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