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Soft Magnetic Composites (SMCs) typically consist of large iron particles coated with a fairly thin inorganic layer. The combination of soft particles with a brittle layer causes, however, a rather poor mechanical behaviour of the SMCs. The particle boundaries of the specific SMC Somaloy 700 3P can be classified into four different types according to the complexity of their layers. Tests on both micro- and macroscale showed that the particle-boundary interface is critical in terms of failure.
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Small scale mechanical deformations have gained a significant interest over the past few decades, driven by the advances in integrated circuits and microelectromechanical systems. One of the most powerful and versatile characterization methods is the nanoindentation technique. The capabilities of these depth-sensing instruments have been improved considerably. They can perform experiments in vacuum and at high temperatures, such as in-situ SEM and TEM nanoindenters. This allows researchers to visualize mechanical deformations and dislocations motion in real time. Time-dependent behavior of soft materials has also been studied in recent research works. This Special Issue on ""Small Scale Deformation using Advanced Nanoindentation Techniques""; will provide a forum for researchers from the academic and industrial communities to present advances in the field of small scale contact mechanics. Materials of interest include metals, glass, and ceramics. Manuscripts related to deformations of biomaterials and biological related specimens are also welcome. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:
multiscale --- quasicontinuum method --- surface pit defect --- size effect --- tantalum --- mammalian cells --- morphology --- biomaterials --- nanoscale --- Bi2Se3 thin films --- nanoindentation --- hardness --- pop-in --- nanoindentation --- constitutive model --- rate factor --- dimensionless analysis --- solder --- InP(100) single crystal --- Pop-in --- nanoindentation --- transmission electron microscopy --- fracture toughness --- cement paste --- miniaturized cantilever beam --- micromechanics --- fatigue --- nanoindenter --- nanoindentation --- reduced activation ferritic martensitic (RAFM) steels --- helium irradiation --- irradiation hardening --- nuclear fusion structural materials --- metallic glass --- nanoindentation --- creep --- strain rate sensitivity --- shear transformation zone --- nanoindentation --- mechanical properties --- soft biomaterials --- viscoelasticity --- atomic force microscopy (AFM) --- TSV --- nanoindentation --- FIB --- micro-cantilever beam --- mixed-mode --- fracture --- nickel --- nanoindentation --- hardness --- brittleness and ductility --- hydrogen embrittlement --- n/a
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This Special Issue "Advanced Nanoindentation in Materials" contains some of the latest developments in the field of small-scale contact mechanics for a wide range of materials and biological cells. The featured manuscript revealed a new ultra-high strain rate nanoindentation method that will enable new scientific understanding of time-dependent material properties. The book also presents unique material properties of super alloys and other structural materials characterized by indentation methods. In addition to engineering materials, deformation behaviors of live cancer cells on sharp pillar structures were discussed in this book with the hope to stimulate interest in the mechanical contact behaviors of biological cells.
nanoindentation --- plastic deformation --- cells --- cement --- soft materials --- digital image correlation --- fracture
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Dear Colleagues,Determinations of the indentation hardness properties of crystals have expanded to cover the full characterizations of their important elastic, plastic and cracking behaviors, particularly as accomplished with the increased measuring capabilities of nanoindentation hardness testing. No crystal structure of any bonding type is either too soft or too hard to prevent measurement with a suitable probing indenter. The current Special Issue is devoted to surveying the topic with emphasis given in a collection of reports to: (1) the diversity of crystals being tested; (2) the variety of measuring techniques; and (3) the wealth of information being obtained.Prof. Dr. Ron ArmstrongDr. Stephen WalleyProf. Dr. Wayne L. ElbanGuest Editors
indentation hardness --- nanoindentation testing --- elastic loading --- plastic deformation --- indentation fracture mechanics
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This Special Issue gathers research from different branches of science and engineering disciplines working on experiments and modelling of nanocomposites into one volume. The Guest Editor welcomes papers dedicated to experimental, computational, and theoretical aspects dealing with many important state-of-the-art technologies and methodologies regarding the synthesis, fabrication, characterization, properties, design, and applications, and both finite element analysis and molecular dynamic simulations, of nanocomposite materials and structures. Full papers covering novel topics, extending the frontiers of the science and technology of nanoreinforced composites are encouraged. Reviews covering topics of major interest will be also considered.
carbon nanotube --- interface --- cohesive element --- equivalent fiber --- CNT agglomeration --- YN --- ScN --- pressure --- elasticity --- ab initio --- stability --- nanocomposites --- Fe3Al --- Fe-Al --- magnetism --- interfaces --- ab initio --- stability --- disorder --- nanoindentation --- graphene/Fe composite --- critical yield strength --- hardness --- elastic modulus --- boron nitride honeycomb --- molecular dynamics simulation --- mechanical property --- piezoelectric property --- interface force fields --- CNTs/epoxy nanocomposites --- coarse-grained model --- molecular dynamics --- 3D fiber-metal laminates --- graphene nanoplatelets --- impact buckling --- delamination buckling --- delamination propagation --- temperature effect
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By the late 1940s, and since then, the continuous development of dislocation theories have provided the basis for correlating the macroscopic time-dependent deformation of metals and alloys—known as creep—to the time-dependent processes taking place within the metals and alloys. High-temperature deformation and stress relaxation effects have also been explained and modeled on similar bases. The knowledge of high-temperature deformation as well as its modeling in conventional or unconventional situations is becoming clearer year by year, with new contemporary and better performing high-temperature materials being constantly produced and investigated.This book includes recent contributions covering relevant topics and materials in the field in an innovative way. In the first section, contributions are related to the general description of creep deformation, damage, and ductility, while in the second section, innovative testing techniques of creep deformation are presented. The third section deals with creep in the presence of complex loading/temperature changes and environmental effects, while the last section focuses on material microstructure–creep correlations for specific material classes. The quality and potential of specific materials and microstructures, testing conditions, and modeling as addressed by specific contributions will surely inspire scientists and technicians in their own innovative approaches and studies on creep and high-temperature deformation.
creep --- dislocation dynamics --- glide --- internal stress --- creep --- microstructural features --- constitutive equations --- creep --- superalloy VAT 36 --- superalloy VAT 32 --- high temperature --- Gr.91 --- normalizing --- simulate HAZ --- ferritic–martensitic steel --- P92 --- low cycle fatigue --- relaxation fatigue --- cyclic softening --- creep damage --- cavitation --- small angle neutron scattering --- scanning electron microscopy --- austenitic stainless steel --- creep ductility --- intrinsic ductility --- modelling --- multiaxiality --- creep buckling --- external pressure --- Larson–Miller parameter --- elevated temperature --- visualization --- metallic glass --- nanoindentation --- creep --- size effect --- strain rate sensitivity --- superalloy --- excess volume --- solute atom --- dislocation dynamics --- creep --- DFT --- residual stress --- creep rupture mechanism --- P92 steel --- FEM --- Gibbs free energy principle --- creep rupture --- creep grain boundary --- finite element method --- grain boundary cavitation --- creep damage --- poly-crystal --- MCrAlY --- TMA --- creep --- bond coat --- hydrogen --- water vapor --- iron aluminides --- creep --- stress exponent --- activation energy --- n/a
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This book was proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of nondestructive testing of materials in civil engineering. For this reason, the articles highlighted in this editorial relate to different aspects of nondestructive testing of different materials in civil engineering—from building materials to building structures. The current trend in the development of nondestructive testing of materials in civil engineering is mainly concerned with the detection of flaws and defects in concrete elements and structures, and acoustic methods predominate in this field. As in medicine, the trend is towards designing test equipment that allows one to obtain a picture of the inside of the tested element and materials. From this point of view, interesting results with significance for building practices have been obtained
non-destructive testing --- masonry structures --- strengthening --- ultrasonic tomography --- adhesion assessment --- autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) --- compressive strength --- shape and size of specimen --- moisture of AAC --- ultrasonic testing --- gantry crane --- RMF technique --- civil engineering --- fibre-cement boards --- non-destructive testing --- acoustic emission --- degree of degradation --- thermovision --- active thermography --- thermal contrast --- defect detection --- location of inclusions --- non-destructive testing --- materials research --- building partition --- cement-based composites --- fiber cement boards --- durability --- ultrasound measurements --- spun concrete --- micro-computed tomography --- nanoindentation --- deconvolution --- mathematical morphology --- non-destructive evaluation --- structural damage --- natural frequency --- singular value truncation --- multiple feedbacks --- data noise --- NDT methods --- rebar location --- eddy-current method --- GPR method --- concrete --- concrete mix design --- concrete strength prediction --- data mining --- machine learning --- timber structures --- non-destructive methods --- ultrasonic wave --- stress wave --- drilling resistance --- X-ray micro-computed tomography --- waste brick dust --- adsorption --- lead --- cesium --- surface complexation --- precipitation --- solid-state NMR spectroscopy --- Lamb waves --- scanning laser vibrometry --- adhesive joints --- non-destructive testing --- damage detection --- excitation frequency --- nondestructive testing --- thermography --- monitoring of structures --- reinforced concrete chimney --- corrosion processes --- service life of a structure --- viscoelastic parameters --- creep test --- fatigue tests --- asphalt mixtures --- Burgers model --- four point bending beam --- pattern recognition --- acoustic emission --- Structural Health Monitoring --- brittle fracture --- diagnostics --- non-destructive testing --- reinforced concrete grandstand stadium --- vibration analysis --- crowd-induced excitation --- structural tuning --- concrete slabs and floorings --- horizontal casting --- compressive strength --- ultrasonic tests --- fibre-cement boards --- non-destructive testing --- acoustic emission --- artificial neural networks --- SEM --- non-destructive method --- damage --- mercury intrusion porosimetry --- X-ray computed tomography --- acoustic emission AE --- acoustic spectrum --- quasi brittle cement composites --- destruction process --- resistance measurement --- wood moisture sensing --- non-destructive testing --- moisture safety --- cellulose fibre cement boards --- microstructure --- nanoindentation --- SEM-EDS analysis --- temperature --- concrete elements --- concrete strength --- reinforced concrete tanks --- concrete corrosion --- sulphate corrosion --- ultrasound tests --- rebound hammer --- SilverSchmidt --- concrete --- compressive strength --- non-destructive testing --- non-destructive testing --- diagnostic --- acoustic methods --- ultrasound --- building materials --- defects
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The papers collected in this special issue clearly reflect the modern research trends in materials science. These fields of specific attention are high-Mn TWIP steels, high-Cr heat resistant steels, aluminum alloys, ultrafine grained materials including those developed by severe plastic deformation, and high-entropy alloys. The major portion of the collected papers is focused on the mechanisms of microstructure evolution and the mechanical properties of metallic materials subjected to various thermo-mechanical, deformation or heat treatments. Another large portion of the studies is aimed on the elaboration of alloying design of advanced steels and alloys. The changes in phase content, transformation and particle precipitation and their effect on the properties are also broadly presented in this collection, including the microstructure/property changes caused by irradiation.
Mg–Sm–Zn–Zr --- dynamic precipitation --- microstructure --- mechanical property --- bimodal ferrite steel --- ultrafine-grained microstructure --- mechanical properties --- corrosion resistance --- abnormal grain growth --- grain boundary engineering --- electron backscattered diffraction --- growth rate --- Al metal matrix composites --- microstructure --- mechanical properties --- strengthening mechanism --- hot compression --- dynamic recovery --- dynamic recrystallization --- texture --- aluminum alloys --- Al-Fe-Si-Zr system --- microstructure --- hardness --- electrical conductivity --- metal–matrix composite --- high-pressure torsion --- microstructure evolution --- microhardness --- shape memory alloy --- columnar grain --- Cu-Al-Mn --- elastocaloric effect --- strain rate --- measuring temperature --- creep --- lead-free solder --- Sb solder --- Sn-8.0Sb-3.0Ag --- solder microstructure --- martensitic steels --- creep --- precipitation --- electron microscopy --- high-Mn TWIP steel --- cold rolling --- annealing --- recovery --- recrystallization --- strengthening --- austenitic 304 stainless steels --- sub-merged arc welding --- post-weld heat treatment --- aluminum alloys --- aging --- precipitation --- electrical resistivity --- mechanical properties --- ferritic steel --- irradiation --- nanoindentation --- hardness --- transmission electron microscopy (TEM) --- microstructure --- high-entropy alloys --- high-pressure torsion --- microstructure evolution --- twinning --- mechanical properties --- welded rotor --- weld metal --- impact toughness --- PWHT --- microstructure evolution --- Cu-Cr-Zr --- precipitation --- orientation relationship --- recrystallization --- annealing twins --- structural steel plate --- nonmetallic inclusions --- rare earth control --- M23C6 --- ion irradiation --- M6C --- amorphization --- RAFM steels --- hot stamping --- press hardening --- martensitic expansion --- force peak --- cycle time --- high-Mn steel --- deformation twinning --- dynamic recrystallization --- grain refinement --- work hardening --- in situ tensile testing --- super duplex stainless steel --- SDSS --- low-temperature --- ?-phase --- SEM --- EBSD --- microstructure analysis --- n/a
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