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Mercury is a global pollutant that affects the health of both humans and ecosystems. This Special Issue collects three review papers and six research articles that report on the latest findings on the mechanisms of mercury toxicology and its impacts on environmental health. This collection of papers provides useful, new information on the mechanisms of mercury toxicity and methods of improving the risk assessment of mercury exposure.

Hg --- Cd --- Pb --- mRNA --- Fish --- methylmercury --- brain --- chemokine --- CCL4 --- heart rate variability --- methylmercury neurotoxicity --- review --- sympathodominant state --- methylmercury --- long term exposure --- symptoms --- neurological findings --- severity --- delayed toxicity --- correlation of signs and symptoms --- dose-response relationship --- methylmercury --- kinetics --- toxicity --- fetus --- exposure assessment --- methylmercury --- oxidative stress --- molecular mechanisms --- methylmercury --- mercury vapor --- metallothionein-III --- chemokine --- methylmercury --- prenatal exposure --- child development --- methylmercury --- cortical precursors --- developmental neurotoxicity --- low-dose exposure --- delayed effects --- n/a --- n/a

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The Special Edition 'Compounds with Polar Metallic Bonding' is a collection of eight original research reports presenting a broad variety of chemical systems, analytical methods, preparative pathways and theoretical descriptions of bonding situations, with the common aim of understanding the complex interplay of conduction electrons in intermetallic compounds that possess different types of dipoles. Coulombic dipoles introduced by electronegativity differences, electric or magnetic dipoles, polarity induced by symmetry reduction—all the possible facets of the term 'polarity'—can be observed in polar intermetallic phases and have their own and, in most cases, unique consequences on the physical and chemical behaviour. Elucidation of the structure–property relationships in compounds with polar metallic bonding is a modern and growing scientific field which combines solid state physics, preparative chemistry, metallurgy, modern analytic methods, crystallography, theoretical calculations of the electronic state and many more disciplines.

intermetallics --- crystal structure --- group-subgroup --- magnetic properties --- XPS --- coloring problem --- band structure --- structure optimizations --- polar intermetallics --- ternary Laves phases --- electronic structure --- X-ray diffraction --- total energy --- stannides --- plumbides --- alkaline-earth --- polar intermetallics --- symmetry reduction --- chemical bond --- Zintl --- Ca14AlSb11 --- polar intermetallic --- thermoelectric --- COHP method --- bonding analyses --- intermetallic compounds --- nitridometalate --- crystal structure --- powder diffraction --- magnetism --- Zintl compounds --- liquid ammonia --- crystal structure --- n/a

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The contribution of genomic variants to the aetiopathogenesis of both paediatric and adult neurological disease is being increasingly recognized. The use of next-generation sequencing has led to the discovery of novel neurodevelopmental disorders, as exemplified by the deciphering developmental disorders (DDD) study, and provided insight into the aetiopathogenesis of common adult neurological diseases. Despite these advances, many challenges remain. Correctly classifying the pathogenicity of genomic variants from amongst the large number of variants identified by next-generation sequencing is recognized as perhaps the major challenge facing the field. Deep phenotyping (e.g., imaging, movement analysis) techniques can aid variant interpretation by correctly classifying individuals as affected or unaffected for segregation studies. The lack of information on the clinical phenotype of novel genetic subtypes of neurological disease creates limitations for genetic counselling. Both deep phenotyping and qualitative studies can capture the clinical and patient’s perspective on a disease and provide valuable information. This Special Issue aims to highlight how next-generation sequencing techniques have revolutionised our understanding of the aetiology of brain disease and describe the contribution of deep phenotyping studies to a variant interpretation and understanding of natural history.

TUBA1A --- tubulin --- p.(Arg2His), R2H --- tubulinopathy --- polymicrogyria --- cerebellar hypoplasia --- Parkinson’s disease --- Parkinsonism --- metal storage disorders --- inborn error of metabolism --- genetic biomarker --- Parkinson’s disease (PD) --- Alzheimer’s disease (AD) --- next generation sequencing (NGS) --- diagnosis --- neurodegenerative disease --- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) --- glucocerebrosidase --- Parkinson’s disease --- Gaucher disease --- movement science --- Parkinson’s disease --- ataxia --- dementia --- machine learning --- deep learning --- risk prediction --- disease phenotyping --- n/a

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Driven by new regulations, new market structures, and new energy resources, the smart grid has been the trigger for profound changes in the way that electricity is generated, distributed, managed, and consumed. The smart grid has raised the traditional power grid by using a two-way electricity and information flow to create an advanced, automated power supply network. However, these pioneering smart grid technologies must grow to adapt to the demands of the current digital society. In today’s digital landscape, we can access feasible data and knowledge that were merely inconceivable. This Special Issue aims to address the landscape in which smart grids are progressing, due to the advent of pervasive technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT). It will be the advanced exploitation of the massive amounts of data generated from (low-cost) IoT sensors that will become the main driver to evolve the concept of the smart grid, currently focused on infrastructure, towards the digital energy network paradigm, focused on service. Furthermore, collective intelligence will improve the processes of decision making and empower citizens. Original manuscripts focusing on state-of-the-art IoT networking and communications, M2M communications, cyberphysical system architectures, big data analytics or cloud computing applied to digital energy platforms, including design methodologies and practical implementation aspects, are welcome.

frequency variations --- islanded operation --- nanogrids --- power quality --- power system reliability --- harmonics --- islanded operation --- nanogrids --- power quality --- voltage unbalance --- distributed energy resources --- electric energy storage --- energy management system --- genetic algorithm --- microgrid --- prosumer --- self-consumption --- smart inverter --- microgrid --- distributed generation --- communication --- wireless --- PV monitoring --- low-cost solutions --- LoRa technology --- demand response --- direct load control --- home energy management system --- mixed-integer linear programming --- n/a

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The role of nutrition in health and disease has been appreciated from time immemorial. Around 400 B.C., Hippocrates wrote “Let food by thy medicine and medicine be thy food.” In the 12th century, the great philosopher and physician Moses Maimonides wrote “any disease that can be treated by diet should be treated by no other means.” Now, in the 21st century, we are bombarded by claims in the media of “superfoods,” wondrous nutritional supplements, and special diets that promise to cure or prevent disease, improve health and restore functioning. Much of the focus has been on neurological disease, brain health and psychological functioning (behavior, cognition, and emotion). The hyperbole aside, there has been considerable progress in the past decade in our understanding of the contribution of specific nutrients and dietary patterns to brain development, physiology, and functioning. This Special Issue of Brain Sciences is devoted to the latest research on the role of nutritional deficiencies and excesses in the genesis of brain dysfunction, and use of diet for the prevention and treatment of brain and mental disorders. Basic laboratory and clinical research studies of the immature, adult, and aged nervous system are all welcome.

modified Atkins diet --- epilepsy --- glioblastoma multiforme --- malignant glioma --- Alzheimer’s disease --- obesity --- weight loss maintenance --- maintainers --- regainers --- neural processing --- functional neuroimaging --- fish intake --- omega-3 fatty acids --- nutrients --- ADHD --- children --- diet-deficient --- cytokines --- hippocampal neurogenesis --- inflammation --- insulin resistance --- obesity --- caffeine --- transpulmonary administration --- working memory --- electroencephalography --- prefrontal cortex --- n/a