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This book was established after the 6th International Workshop on Numerical and Evolutionary Optimization (NEO), representing a collection of papers on the intersection of the two research areas covered at this workshop: numerical optimization and evolutionary search techniques. While focusing on the design of fast and reliable methods lying across these two paradigms, the resulting techniques are strongly applicable to a broad class of real-world problems, such as pattern recognition, routing, energy, lines of production, prediction, and modeling, among others. This volume is intended to serve as a useful reference for mathematicians, engineers, and computer scientists to explore current issues and solutions emerging from these mathematical and computational methods and their applications.

genetic programming --- driving scoring functions --- driving events --- risky driving --- intelligent transportation systems --- mixture experiments --- single component constraints --- genetic algorithm --- IV-optimality criterion --- multiobjective optimization --- optimal control --- model order reduction --- model predictive control --- location routing problem --- rubber --- modify differential evolution algorithm --- vehicle routing problem --- differential evolution algorithm --- crop planning --- economic crops --- improvement differential evolution algorithm --- averaged Hausdorff distance --- evolutionary multi-objective optimization --- power means --- metric measure spaces --- performance indicator --- Pareto front --- surrogate-based optimization --- numerical simulations --- shape morphing --- bulbous bow --- open-source framework --- U-shaped assembly line balancing --- basic differential evolution algorithm --- improved differential evolution algorithm --- optimal solutions --- Genetic Programming --- Bloat --- NEAT --- Local Search --- EvoSpace --- improved differential evolution algorithm --- flexible job shop scheduling problem --- local search and jump search --- evolutionary computation --- multi-objective optimization --- decision space diversity

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Challenging problems arise in all segments of energy industries—generation, transmission, distribution and consumption. Optimization models and methods play a key role in offering decision/policy makers better information to assist them in making sounder decisions at different levels, ranging from operational to strategic planning.

multi-objective optimization --- nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA) --- multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) --- technique for the order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution (TOPSIS) --- life cycle cost --- scenario-based multistage stochastic programming --- energy system management model --- stochastic robust optimization --- electric-power structure adjustment --- energy conservation and emissions reduction --- building microgrid --- component outage --- energy network --- islanded microgrids --- microgrid operation --- re-optimization and rescheduling --- portfolio analysis --- semi-mean-absolute deviation model --- fuzzy set theory --- optimal power generation mix --- oil storage plants --- domino effect --- firefighting --- optimization --- graph theory --- influence diagram --- heating ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) --- demand side management --- occupancy-based control --- predicted mean vote (PMV) --- optimization --- electrical distribution systems --- meshed topology --- mixed integer linear programing --- stochastic programming --- variable renewable power --- flexibility option --- integrated energy system --- generation expansion planning --- combined heat and power --- feasible operation region --- generation efficiency --- mixed integer linear programming --- net demand --- wind power forecasting --- long-term forecasting --- intermittent sources --- Markov chain Monte Carlo

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Supply chains are currently globalized and companies operate internationally owing to the fact that raw materials, production processes, and the consumption of the final products are carried out in different countries. This implies high material and information flow, which incurs high costs associated with the supply chain and logistics, sometimes up to 60% of the total cost of the product. Therefore, companies seek to optimize their resources to reduce these costs and improve sustainability in a globalized market. This book, entitled Tools, Methodologies and Techniques Applied to Sustainable Supply Chains, contains 15 chapters that report case studies applied to industrial and service sectors. The authors come from areas such as Mexico, Colombia, Italy, Sweden, Slovakia, China, and Australia. They indicate how managers make use of tools and techniques to solve problems associated with supply chains to reduce their cost and remain competitive. A great effort has been made to analyze this problem, and the methodologies are clearly described here to facilitate the reproducibility of each technique and tool. This was done in the hope that hoping that they may one day be applied in more companies.

tire waste management --- reverse logistics --- green logistics --- Mexico --- Russia --- remanufacturing --- closed-loop supply chain --- warranty decision --- contract coordination --- supply chain innovation --- systematic review --- social network analysis --- collaboration --- attributes --- green manufacturing --- benefits --- green supply chain --- sensitivity analysis --- sustainability --- genetic algorithm --- layout planning --- model --- sustainable manufacturing --- environmental assessment tool --- green lean --- pallet management strategy --- reusable handling system --- closed-loop network --- what-if analysis --- environmental impact --- electricity markets --- alpha-stable distribution --- alpha-stable regression --- electricity prices --- waste management --- residue collection --- urban logistics --- design of territories --- supply chain management --- hospital supply chain --- sustainable supply chain --- hospital logistics --- hospital sustainability --- healthcare logistics --- sustainable hospital management --- Sugarcane Crop Residues (SCRs) --- cogeneration --- optimization of bioenergy supply chain decisions --- delivering products --- travel time uncertainty --- fuzzy logic --- fuzzy linear programming --- urban road network --- reliability --- green supplier selection --- contract farming --- life cycle assessment --- environmental collaboration --- multi-objective optimization --- agro-food supply chain --- system dynamics --- systems thinking --- causal models --- healthcare services --- bearability --- sustainability --- MIPL --- VRP --- star network --- optimal plant location

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The purpose of this Special Issue is to investigate topics related to sustainability issues in the new era, especially in Industry 4.0 or other new manufacturing environments. Under Industry 4.0, there have been great changes with respect to production processes, production planning and control, quality assurance, internal control, cost determination, and other management issues. Moreover, it is expected that Industry 4.0 can create positive sustainability impacts along the whole value chain. There are three pillars of sustainability, including environmental sustainability, economic sustainability, and social sustainability. This Special Issue collects 15 sustainability-related papers from various industries that use various methods or models, such as mathematical programming, activity-based costing (ABC), material flow cost accounting, fuel consumption model, artificial intelligence (AI)-based fusion model, multi-attribute decision model (MADM), and so on. These papers are related to carbon emissions, carbon tax, Industry 4.0, economic sustainability, corporate social responsibility (CSR), etc. The research objects come from China, Taiwan, Thailand, Oman, Cyprus, Germany, Austria, and Portugal. Although the research presented in this Special Issue is not exhaustive, this Special Issue provides abundant, significant research related to environmental, economic, and social sustainability. Nevertheless, there still are many research topics that require our attention to solve problems of sustainability.

carbon tax policy --- return policy --- carbon reduction --- e-commerce platform --- carbon emissions --- cap & trade --- green production --- footwear industry --- activity-based costing (ABC) --- activity-based costing (ABC) --- industry 4.0 --- integrated mathematical programming --- product-mix decision --- theory of constraints (TOC) --- carbon tax --- small and medium enterprises --- OEE --- OECD --- manufacturing sustainability --- time study --- Industry 4.0 --- material handling systems --- agent-based control architecture --- Activity-Based Costing (ABC) --- Industry 4.0 --- tire industry --- carbon emission --- carbon tax --- mathematical programming --- sustainability --- sustainability performance --- corporate social responsibility (CSR) --- internal control --- multi-attribute decision model (MADM) --- decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) --- DANP (DEMATEL based ANP) --- VIKOR --- fuel consumption --- sustainability --- active suspension --- PID controller --- white noise --- colored noise --- long- and short-term --- greenhouse gas --- LS-ARIMAXi-ECM model --- sustainability --- economic growth --- exogenous variables --- CO2 emissions --- family business --- succession plan --- corporate characteristics --- family capital --- niche inheritance --- multi-attribute decision model (MADM) --- social sustainability --- artificial intelligence --- corporate social responsibility --- decision making --- firm value --- Activity-Based Costing (ABC) --- Industry 4.0 --- aluminum-alloy wheel industry --- mathematical programming --- Activity-Based Standard Costing (ABSC) --- Manufacturing Execution System (MES) --- Activity-Based Costing (ABC) --- Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) --- Industry 4.0 --- industrial internet of things --- digital transformation --- digital platforms --- qualitative-empirical study --- small and medium-sized enterprises --- sustainable development --- energy efficiency --- electrical appliances --- life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) --- multi-attribute value theory (MAVT) --- multi-objective optimization --- NSGAII --- sustainability --- ISO14051 --- material flow cost accounting --- n/a

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The combination of global warming and urban sprawl is the origin of the most hazardous climate change effect detected at urban level: Urban Heat Island, representing the urban overheating respect to the countryside surrounding the city. This book includes 18 papers representing the state of the art of detection, assessment mitigation and adaption to urban overheating. Advanced methods, strategies and technologies are here analyzed including relevant issues as: the role of urban materials and fabrics on urban climate and their potential mitigation, the impact of greenery and vegetation to reduce urban temperatures and improve the thermal comfort, the role the urban geometry in the air temperature rise, the use of satellite and ground data to assess and quantify the urban overheating and develop mitigation solutions, calculation methods and application to predict and assess mitigation scenarios. The outcomes of the book are thus relevant for a wide multidisciplinary audience, including: environmental scientists and engineers, architect and urban planners, policy makers and students.

heat health --- meteorological modeling --- urban climate --- urban-climate archipelago --- urban heat island --- urban heat island index --- Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) --- green area --- built-up area --- air temperature --- measurement --- calculation --- urbanization --- air and surface temperature measurements --- outdoor thermal comfort --- urban heat island --- surface cool island effect --- urban overheating --- urban microclimate --- mitigation strategies --- urban development --- park cool island --- urban cooling --- urban morphology --- micro-climate simulations --- ageing --- emissivity --- measurement --- solar reflectance --- solar reflectance index --- thermal emittance --- urban heat island --- land surface temperature --- “hot spots” --- “cold spots” --- MODIS downscaling --- overheating --- summer heat stress --- urban open space --- shading --- thermal comfort --- Physiologically Equivalent Temperature --- mitigation strategies --- cooling technologies --- cool materials --- WRF-Chem --- urban climate --- air quality --- urban heat island --- surface albedo --- climatic perception --- urban areas --- thermal comfort --- subtropical climate --- cool pavements --- road lighting --- urban heat island --- road surface --- material characterization --- luminance coefficient --- energy savings --- Euramet --- EMPIR 16NRM02 --- building energy performance --- energy simulation --- building retrofit --- multi-objective optimization --- genetic algorithm --- urban overheating --- cost-optimal analysis --- lifecycle analysis --- office buildings --- sustainability --- air temperature --- spectral analysis --- multifractal analysis --- structure functions analysis --- cool roofs --- fine-resolution meteorological modeling --- mobile temperature observations --- urban climate archipelago --- urban heat island --- urban vegetation --- urbanized WRF --- Weather Research and Forecasting model --- multiple linear regression --- urban heat island --- urban climatology --- urban energy balance --- air temperature --- land cover fraction --- urban morphology --- land surface temperature --- heat stress --- urban heat mitigation --- albedo --- cool facades --- spectral reflectance --- urban remote sensing --- empirical line method --- building scale --- local climate zone --- urban climate --- sky view factor --- morphological indicator --- open science --- GIS --- urban heat island --- urban overheating --- non-constructible parcels --- cool surfaces --- urban vegetation --- ENVI-met --- mitigation measures --- Beirut