Search results:
Found 36
Listing 1 - 10 of 36 | << page >> |
Sort by
|
Choose an application
This book addresses how organizations can deal with human fallibility in order to create space for excellence at work. Some mistakes in work settings put lives at risk, while others create openings for innovative breakthroughs. In order to deal constructively with fallibility, an organization needs a communication climate where it is normal to voice opinions, admit mistakes, and ask for help in critical situations. The book builds on interviews with practitioners in healthcare, aviation, IT, public governance, and industry. It connects narratives from these fields with theories from organizational psychology and philosophy, as well as from positive organizational scholarship. In the final chapter, an overall ethics of fallibility at work is outlined. Fallibility at Work contributes to research in multiple academic disciplines, but also reaches out to practitioners who are interested in the connections between error and excellence in organizations.
organizational behaviour --- business ethics --- management --- interaction --- intervention --- mediation --- workplace --- error --- reliability
Choose an application
From Pavlov's dog expecting food when hearing a bell to stereotypes as expectations about other people’s behaviour, from Bandura’s self-efficacy as expectation for success and failure of one’s own behaviour to the "predictive brain" concept in current perception theories: expectations have been a central construct in different areas of psychological research. In each of these areas, specific concepts, theoretical approaches, and empirical methods have been developed to explain when and why expectations persist and when they do not. Many theories assume that expectations are likely to change in the face of disconfirming evidence. However, sometimes expectations persist even though they are empirically violated, suggesting that they can be “sticky” under certain circumstances. But what are these circumstances? And what are the psychological mechanisms that can explain why and when expectations persist or change after being confronted with expectation-violating evidence?Each contribution of the current book offers insights into individuals’ reactions to violations of expectations. They show that many pieces of the puzzle have been collected in the many sub-displiclines of psychology and that putting them together in an integrative fashion stays a fascinating enterprise.
Expectancy --- prediction --- expectation --- beliefs --- stereotypes --- expectation violation --- prediction error --- accommodation --- persistence of expectations
Choose an application
Analysis of microparticles is an important tool in medicine, biology and chemistry. In order to address future application areas, new systems will be produced by printing technology. In this work new microfluidic particle detection systems which employ planar optics are developed and analyzed. Because the characteristic of these new systems differs greatly from established particle detection systems the signals and statistics are analyzed in depth.
Choose an application
High-Tech Trash: Glitch, Noise, and Aesthetic Failure maps an archaeology of failure in a culture seemingly ill-equipped to deal with it. To better understand failure, Kane argues, we must abstract from our subjective, personal disappointments and see them as meaningful symbols of a broader human struggle. By connecting twenty-first century digital aesthetics to critical issues in the history of high-tech, the book elucidates what it means to be an error-prone, fallible human in an age of hyper technology; to fail again and again without recourse to anything but repetition.
glitch --- error --- failure --- noise --- trash --- aesthetics --- aesthetic of failure --- media art --- media theory
Choose an application
Current theories of visual change detection emphasize the importance of conscious attention to detect unexpected changes in the visual environment. However, an increasing body of studies shows that the human brain is capable of detecting even small visual changes, especially if such changes violate non-conscious probabilistic expectations based on repeating experiences. In other words, our brain automatically represents statistical regularities of our visual environmental. Since the discovery of the auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) event-related potential (ERP) component, the majority of research in the field has focused on auditory deviance detection. Such automatic change detection mechanisms operate in the visual modality too, as indicated by the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) brain potential to rare changes. VMMN is typically elicited by stimuli with infrequent (deviant) features embedded in a stream of frequent (standard) stimuli, outside the focus of attention. In this research topic we aim to present vMMN as a prediction error signal. Predictive coding theories account for phenomena such as mismatch negativity and repetition suppression, and place them in a broader context of a general theory of cortical responses. A wide range of vMMN studies has been presented in this Research Topic. Twelve articles address roughly four general sub-themes including attention, language, face processing, and psychiatric disorders. Additionally, four articles focused on particular subjects such as the oblique effect, object formation, and development and time-frequency analysis of vMMN. Furthermore, a review paper presented vMMN in a hierarchical predictive coding framework. Each paper in this Research Topic is a valuable contribution to the field of automatic visual change detection and deepens our understanding of the short term plasticity underlying predictive processes of visual perceptual learning.
predictive coding --- visual mismatch negativity --- vMMN --- Prediction error --- repetition suppression --- stimulus specific adaptation --- refractoriness --- Attention --- Perceptual Learning --- Bayesian Brain
Choose an application
Coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) have been conventionally used in industry for 3-dimensional and form-error measurements of macro parts for many years. Ever since the first CMM, developed by Ferranti Co. in the late 1950s, they have been regarded as versatile measuring equipment, yet many CMMs on the market still have inherent systematic errors due to the violation of the Abbe Principle in its design. Current CMMs are only suitable for part tolerance above 10 μm. With the rapid advent of ultraprecision technology, multi-axis machining, and micro/nanotechnology over the past twenty years, new types of ultraprecision and micro/nao-CMMs are urgently needed in all aspects of society.This Special Issue accepted papers revealing novel designs and applications of CMMs, including structures, probes, miniaturization, measuring paths, accuracy enhancement, error compensation, etc. Detailed design principles in sciences, and technological applications in high-tech industries, were required for submission.Topics covered, but were not limited to, the following areas:1.New types of CMMs, such as Abbe-free, multi-axis, cylindrical, parallel, etc.2.New types of probes, such as touch-trigger, scanning, hybrid, non-contact, microscopic, etc.3.New types of Micro/nano-CMMs.4.New types of measuring path strategy, such as collision avoidance, free-form surface, aspheric surface, etc.5.New types of error compensation strategy.
coordinate measuring machine --- structural design --- contact or noncontact probe --- micro/nano-CMM --- error compensation --- measuring path --- free-form measurement
Choose an application
The contribution of genomic variants to the aetiopathogenesis of both paediatric and adult neurological disease is being increasingly recognized. The use of next-generation sequencing has led to the discovery of novel neurodevelopmental disorders, as exemplified by the deciphering developmental disorders (DDD) study, and provided insight into the aetiopathogenesis of common adult neurological diseases. Despite these advances, many challenges remain. Correctly classifying the pathogenicity of genomic variants from amongst the large number of variants identified by next-generation sequencing is recognized as perhaps the major challenge facing the field. Deep phenotyping (e.g., imaging, movement analysis) techniques can aid variant interpretation by correctly classifying individuals as affected or unaffected for segregation studies. The lack of information on the clinical phenotype of novel genetic subtypes of neurological disease creates limitations for genetic counselling. Both deep phenotyping and qualitative studies can capture the clinical and patient’s perspective on a disease and provide valuable information. This Special Issue aims to highlight how next-generation sequencing techniques have revolutionised our understanding of the aetiology of brain disease and describe the contribution of deep phenotyping studies to a variant interpretation and understanding of natural history.
TUBA1A --- tubulin --- p.(Arg2His), R2H --- tubulinopathy --- polymicrogyria --- cerebellar hypoplasia --- Parkinson’s disease --- Parkinsonism --- metal storage disorders --- inborn error of metabolism --- genetic biomarker --- Parkinson’s disease (PD) --- Alzheimer’s disease (AD) --- next generation sequencing (NGS) --- diagnosis --- neurodegenerative disease --- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) --- glucocerebrosidase --- Parkinson’s disease --- Gaucher disease --- movement science --- Parkinson’s disease --- ataxia --- dementia --- machine learning --- deep learning --- risk prediction --- disease phenotyping --- n/a
Choose an application
In recent years, wireless communications have significantly evolved due to the advanced technology of smartphones;, portable devices; and the rapid growth of Internet of Things, e-Health, and intelligent transportation systems . Moreover, there is anare increasing need fors of emerging intelligent services like positioning and sensing in athe future intelligence society. Recent years have witnessed the growing research interests and activities in the communication and intelligencet services in the optical wireless spectrum, as a complementary technology to more
visible light communication --- light to frequency converter --- white-light LED --- optical wireless communication --- visible light communication --- generalized color modulation --- color-space-based modulation --- color independence --- visual MIMO --- wearable device --- V2X --- feedforward control --- mobile optoelectronic tracking system --- error observer --- disturbance observer --- tracking performance --- anti-disturbance ability --- model reference --- indoor positioning system (IPS) --- visible light communication (VLC) --- multipath reflections --- k-nearest neighbors (kNN) --- random forest (RF) --- visible light communication --- non-orthogonal multiple access --- inverse power allocation scheme --- adaptive power allocation scheme --- fitting model --- VLP --- LED tilt --- Visible Light Positioning --- positioning --- localization algorithm --- multistate quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) --- visible light communication (VLC) --- software defined radio (SDR) --- sofware defined optics (SDO) --- LED tail-light --- LED indoor ceiling light --- vehicle-to-everything (V2X) --- nature conditions (thermal turbulence, rain, fog) --- bit-error ratio (BER) --- n/a
Choose an application
The rapid proliferation of the Internet has been driving communication networks closer and closer to their limits, while available bandwidth is disappearing due to an ever-increasing network load. Over the past decade, optical fiber communication technology has increased per fiber data rate from 10 Tb/s to exceeding 10 Pb/s. The major explosion came after the maturity of coherent detection and advanced digital signal processing (DSP). DSP has played a critical role in accommodating channel impairments mitigation, enabling advanced modulation formats for spectral efficiency transmission and realizing flexible bandwidth. This book aims to explore novel, advanced DSP techniques to enable multi-Tb/s/channel optical transmission to address pressing bandwidth and power-efficiency demands. It provides state-of-the-art advances and future perspectives of DSP as well.
optical communications --- fiber optics communications --- modulators --- mitigation of optical transceiver impairments --- digital signal processing --- multi-input multi-output --- mode-division multiplexing --- least mean squares --- frequency-domain equalization --- recursive least squares --- space–time block-coding --- mode-dependent loss --- coherent communication --- optical communication --- pluggable module --- short-reach optical links --- direct detection --- four-level pulse amplitude modulation --- digital signal processing --- equalization --- Device to Device --- caching --- Indian Buffet Process --- 400 Gigabit Ethernet --- coherent communications --- data center interconnect --- fiber optics links and subsystems --- optical communications --- QSFP-DD transceiver --- coherent communication --- quadrature phase-shift keying --- carrier phase estimation --- cycle-slip --- pilot-aided-phase-unwrap --- low-density parity-check (LDPC) --- free space optical (FSO) --- pulse position modulation–binary phase shift keying–subcarrier intensity modulation (PPM–BPSK–SIM) --- bit error rate (BER) --- pointing error --- average symbol length --- optical fiber communication --- digital signal processing --- coherent detection --- equalization --- nonlinearity compensation --- space division multiplexing --- machine learning --- neural network --- n/a
Choose an application
Airworthiness, as a field, encompasses the technical and non-technical activities required to design, certify, produce, maintain, and safely operate an aircraft throughout its lifespan. The evolving technology, science, and engineering methods and, most importantly, aviation regulation, offer new opportunities and create, new challenges for the aviation industry. This book assembles review and research articles across a variety of topics in the field of airworthiness: aircraft maintenance, safety management, human factors, cost analysis, structures, risk assessment, unmanned aerial vehicles and regulations. This selection of papers informs the industry practitioners and researchers on important issues.
risk perception factors --- risk behaviours --- aviation engineering --- professionals --- trainees --- aircraft system --- reliability --- life cycle cost --- maintenance planning optimization --- reliability centered maintenance --- importance measures --- UAS --- airworthiness --- military --- EASA --- “open” category --- structural health monitoring --- condition-based maintenance --- scheduled maintenance --- cost-benefit analysis --- sensors --- payload --- Cost Per Flying Hour --- parametric model --- Life Cycle Cost --- F-35A --- F-16C/D --- operating and support cost --- aerospace structures --- composites --- impact detection --- structural health monitoring --- guided waves --- safety management system --- human error --- airworthiness --- design organization --- additive manufacturing --- Ti-6Al-4V --- 316L stainless steel --- AerMet100 steel --- crack growth --- NASGRO --- unmanned aircraft systems --- sense and avoid --- unified analytical framework --- ADS-B --- surveillance sensor --- fault tree analysis --- importance measure --- human factors --- communication --- trust --- safety --- aviation maintenance --- error --- aviation maintenance --- borescope inspection --- Bowtie analysis --- maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) --- risk assessment --- risk management --- visual inspection --- aviation --- communication --- trust --- aviation maintenance --- prevention --- human factors --- n/a
Listing 1 - 10 of 36 | << page >> |
Sort by
|