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Central issues in global energy are discussed through interdisciplinary dialogue between experts from both North America and Europe with overview from historical, political, and socio-cultural perspectives, outlining the technology and policy issues facing the development of major conventional and renewable energy sources. We are facing a global energy crisis caused by world population growth, an escalating increase in demand, and continued dependence on fossil-based fuels for generation. It is widely accepted that increases in greenhouse gas concentration levels, if not reversed, will result in major changes to world climate with consequential effects on our society and economy. This is just the kind of intractable problem that Purdue University’s Global Policy Research Institute seeks to address in the Purdue Studies in Public Policy series by promoting the engagement between policy makers and experts in fields such as engineering and technology.
 
Major steps forward in the development and use of technology are required. In order to achieve solutions of the required scale and magnitude within a limited timeline, it is essential that engineers be not only technologically-adept but also aware of the wider social and political issues that policy-makers face. Likewise, it is also imperative that policy makers liaise closely with the academic community in order to realize advances. This book is designed to bridge the gap between these two groups, with a particular emphasis on educating the socially-conscious engineers and technologists of the future.
 
In this accessibly-written volume, central issues in global energy are discussed through interdisciplinary dialogue between experts from both North America and Europe. The first section provides an overview of the nature of the global energy crisis approached from historical, political, and sociocultural perspectives. In the second section, expert contributors outline the technology and policy issues facing the development of major conventional and renewable energy sources. The third and final section explores policy and technology challenges and opportunities in the distribution and consumption of energy, in sectors such as transportation and the built environment. The book’s epilogue suggests some future scenarios in energy distribution and use. 

This title was made Open Access by libraries from around the world through Knowledge Unlatched.

energy consumption --- energy development --- energy policy --- renewable energy sources

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Finally the weekend! The time to escape the dense city to enjoy quieter en-vironments? While leisure occupies a central place in our lifestyles, what is the relationship between urban styles and mobility? Are the inhabitants of city centers more mobile, seeking a greener environment in which to spend their free time? This would be the "barbecue effect," which invites stopping advocating for density and upgrading to suburban styles. This book explores this controversy by examining the cases of Geneva and Zurich, to answer some questions: Does the barbecue effect really exist?

consommation énergétique --- mobility leisure --- loisirs --- hypthèse de compensation --- energy consumption --- zurich --- switzerland --- genève --- microrecensement --- microcensus --- formes urbaines --- mobilités --- geneva --- suisse --- compensation hypothesis --- urban styles

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The Special Issue “Refrigeration Systems and Applications” aims to encourage researchers to address the concerns associated with climate change and the sustainability of artificial cold production systems, and to further the transition to the more sustainable technologies and methodologies of tomorrow through theoretical, experimental, and review research on the different applications of refrigeration and associated topics.

energy consumption --- thermal load --- domestic refrigeration system --- two-phase ejector --- CO2 --- transcritical system --- exergy analysis --- irreversibility --- transiting exergy --- magnetic refrigeration --- magnetocaloric effect --- LaFe13 ? x ? yCoxSiy --- gadolinium --- artificial neural network --- modelling --- twin-screw refrigeration compressor --- CFD --- thermodynamic performance --- P-? indicator diagram --- chiller energy consumption --- artificial neural network (ANN) --- HVAC --- nanofluids --- caloric cooling --- barocaloric --- solid-state cooling --- acetoxy silicone rubber --- Cu nanofluids --- ethylene-glycol nanofluids --- heat transfer --- absorption refrigeration system --- thermodynamic analysis --- calculation model --- LiCl-H2O --- LiBr-H2O --- off-design behaviors --- phase change material --- thermal energy storage --- vapor compression system --- HVAC --- energy efficiency --- distillation --- heat pump --- hydraulic turbine --- refrigerant reclamation --- R-410A --- superheating --- r1234yf --- r1234ze(e) --- HFO --- ejector refrigeration technology --- magnetic refrigeration --- magneto-caloric effect --- coefficient of performance --- eddy currents --- experimental --- parasitic heat load --- modelling

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This book results from a Special Issue related to the latest progress in the thermodynamics of machines systems and processes since the premonitory work of Carnot. Carnot invented his famous cycle and generalized the efficiency concept for thermo-mechanical engines. Since that time, research progressed from the equilibrium approach to the irreversible situation that represents the general case. This book illustrates the present state-of-the-art advances after one or two centuries of consideration regarding applications and fundamental aspects. The research is moving fast in the direction of economic and environmental aspects. This will probably continue during the coming years. This book mainly highlights the recent focus on the maximum power of engines, as well as the corresponding first law efficiency upper bounds.

renewable energy integration --- shading devices --- BIPV --- thermal comfort --- energy consumption --- Northern Cyprus --- environmental and technological design --- passive cooling systems --- energy need optimisation --- passivhaus --- massive simulation modelling --- regression analysis --- Passivhaus --- thermal transmittance of enclosures --- air infiltration --- annual energy demand --- energy efficiency --- energy efficiency --- dynamic building simulation --- passive house --- building energy performance --- passive strategies --- indoor air quality index --- smart ventilation --- IoT --- microservice --- mobile app --- fan-assisted ventilation --- indoor air quality

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Future buildings require not only energy efficiency but also proper building automation and control system functionalities in order to respond to the needs of occupants and energy grids. These development paths require a focus on occupant needs such as good indoor climate, easy operability, and monitoring. Another area to be tackled is energy flexibility, which is needed to make buildings responsive to the price signals of electricity grids with increasing amounts of fluctuating renewable energy generation installed both in central grids and at building sites. This Special Issue is dedicated to HVAC systems, load shifting, indoor climate, and energy and ventilation performance analyses in buildings. All these topics are important for improving the energy performance of new and renovated buildings within the roadmap of low energy and nearly zero energy buildings. To improve energy performance and, at the same time, occupant comfort and wellbeing, new technical solutions are required. Occupancy patterns and recognition, intelligent building management, demand response and performance of heating, cooling and ventilation systems are some common keywords in the articles of this Special Issue contributing to future highly performing buildings with reliable operation.

ice rinks --- air distribution solutions --- indoor air temperature gradient --- air handling unit configuration --- building energy efficiency --- building performance simulation --- energy and HVAC-systems in buildings --- energy piles --- validation --- floor slab heat loss --- energy --- computer simulations --- predictive rule-based control --- hourly CO2eq. intensity --- demand response --- energy flexibility --- n/a --- indoor environment quality --- thermal comfort --- personalized ventilation --- fuzzy logic --- environmental impact --- device efficiency --- air pollutant --- multi-households --- solid oxide fuel cell cogeneration system --- end-use energy consumption --- heating --- ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) --- intelligent system management --- lighting electrical energy --- national electricity grid --- office building --- Photovoltaic system --- simulation --- Simulink® --- deep renovation --- energy retrofit --- detached house --- multi-objective optimization --- greenhouse gas emissions --- heat pump --- genetic algorithm --- occupancy density --- moisture conditions --- energy use --- indoor air quality --- ventilation rate --- KNX --- Neural Network (NN) --- Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) --- Random Tree (RT) --- Linear Regression (LR) --- Cloud Computing (CC) --- Internet of Things (IoT) --- LMS (Least Mean Squares) Adaptive filter (AF) --- gateway --- monitoring --- occupancy --- prediction --- IBM SPSS --- Intelligent Buildings (IB) --- energy savings