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This book was motivated by the need to approach with a fresh look what we regard as perhaps
the most embarrassing
predicament of the Anthropocene/Capitalocene (Capra and Mattei,
2015, Altvater et al., 2016, Moore, 2017). We live in an era with roughly the same number (about
one billion) of over-fed people and of people lacking access to nutritious food (which means
that do not know in the morning if they will be able to feed themselves and their children during
the day). Our era also stands out by the remarkable amount of food that is wasted in some
parts of the world and by the unprecedented number of livestock that populates this planet
(Patel and Moore, 2017). Moreover, in the current phase of neoliberal capitalism that dominates
in the Anthropocene/Capitalocene, the ecological footprint is out of control; some rich people
(the majority in the Global North and the elite in the Global South) can enjoy every day food
shipped from thousands of miles away on gas gulping aircrafts and boats that pollute the environment
beyond imagination. Such luxury, the result of the worldwide colonization of diets,
would be impossible without a very significant environmental subsidy; if all the externalities
had to be internalized, eating Nile Perch would be unaffordable to most people everywhere.
The subsidy is ultimately paid by the poor in the South and, in general, will certainly be paid
by future generations. Unless we deal with and avoid the hidden social and environmental costs
that are so far unaccounted for in the hegemonic food system (TEEB, 2018)

Food --- commons --- public --- civic --- private

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Nonostante l’Open Access, vale a dire la disponibilità libera e gratuita dei contenuti in internet, sia ormai un’iniziativa conosciuta, ci sono ancora idee molto confuse e interpretazioni erronee su alcune delle sue caratteristiche e sul suo funzionamento. In quest’opera, Ernest Abadal ha l’obiettivo di chiarire i dubbi e fraintendimenti più frequenti riguardo l’Open Access, presentando le basi teoriche di questo sistema, il ruolo delle riviste scientifiche e l’attitudine dei ricercatori, nonché una stima di quali siano le prospettive future. Questa guida si rivolge tanto agli accademici e ai dirigenti universitari, quanto agli editori e ai professionisti in ambito bibliotecario. L’edizione italiana è stata realizzata con la collaborazione di Maria Teresa Miconi, professoressa di Bibliografia e Biblioteconomia dell’Università di Macerata e riconosciuta esperta di Open Access. La prefazione è a cura di Giovanni Solimine, professore di Biblioteconomia all’Università di Roma La Sapienza, dove è anche presidente del Sistema bibliotecario di Ateneo e direttore della Scuola di Specializzazione in beni archivistici e librari.

creative commons --- open access --- scientific literature

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"Not since Marx identified the manufacturing plants of Manchester as the blueprint for the new capitalist society has there been a more profound transformation of the fundamentals of our social life. As capitalism faces a series of structural crises, a new social, political and economic dynamic is emerging: peer to peer.
What is peer to peer? Why is it essential for building a commons-centric future? How could this happen? These are the questions this book tries to answer. Peer to peer is a type of social relations in human networks, as well as a technological infrastructure that makes the generalization and scaling up of such relations possible. Thus, peer to peer enables a new mode of production and creates the potential for a transition to a commons-oriented economy. "

peer to peer --- commons --- capitalism --- digital technology --- P2P --- innovation

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Digital technology has made culture more accessible than ever before. Texts, audio, pictures and video can easily be produced, disseminated, used and remixed using devices that are increasingly user-friendly and affordable. However, along with this technological democratization comes a paradoxical flipside: the norms regulating culture's use —copyright and related rights —have become increasingly restrictive. This book brings together essays by academics, librarians, entrepreneurs, activists and policy makers, who were all part of the EU-funded Communia project. Together the authors argue that the Public Domain —that is, the informational works owned by all of us, be that literature, music, the output of scientific research, educational material or public sector information —is fundamental to a healthy society. The essays range from more theoretical papers on the history of copyright and the Public Domain, to practical examples and case studies of recent projects that have engaged with the principles of Open Access and Creative Commons licensing. The book is essential reading for anyone interested in the current debate about copyright and the Internet. It opens up discussion and offers practical solutions to the difficult question of the regulation of culture at the digital age. The free PDF edition of this title was made possible by generous funding received from the European Union (eContentplus framework project ECP-2006-PSI-610001).

copyright --- cultural studies --- communia --- creative commons --- internet regulation --- the commons --- licensing --- digitization --- digital age --- copyright law --- open culture

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Medieval Hackers calls attention to the use of certain vocabulary terms in the Middle Ages and today: commonness, openness, and freedom. Today we associate this language with computer hackers, some of whom believe that information, from literature to the code that makes up computer programs, should be much more accessible to the general public than it is. In the medieval past these same terms were used by translators of censored texts, including the bible. Only at times in history when texts of enormous cultural importance were kept out of circulation, including our own time, does this vocabulary emerge. Using sources from Anonymous’s Fawkes mask to William Tyndale’s Bible prefaces, Medieval Hackers demonstrates why we should watch for this language when it turns up in our media today. This is important work in media archaeology, for as Kennedy writes in this book, the “effluorescence of intellectual piracy” in our current moment of political and technological revolutions “cannot help but draw us to look back and see that the enforcement of intellectual property in the face of traditional information culture has occurred before….We have seen that despite the radically different stakes involved, in the late Middle Ages, law texts traced the same trajectory as religious texts. In the end, perhaps religious texts serve as cultural bellwethers for the health of the information commons in all areas. As unlikely as it might seem, we might consider seriously the import of an animatronic [John] Wyclif, gesturing us to follow him on a (potentially doomed) quest to preserve the information commons.

medieval history, information commons, hacktivism, media archeology, intellectual property, media studies, Renaissance history