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This book demystifies the models we use to simulate present and future climates, allowing readers to better understand how to use climate model results. In order to predict the future trajectory of the Earth’s climate, climate-system simulation models are necessary. When and how do we trust climate model predictions? The book offers a framework for answering this question. It provides readers with a basic primer on climate and climate change, and offers non-technical explanations for how climate models are constructed, why they are uncertain, and what level of confidence we should place in them. It presents current results and the key uncertainties concerning them. Uncertainty is not a weakness but understanding uncertainty is a strength and a key part of using any model, including climate models. Case studies of how climate model output has been used and how it might be used in the future are provided. The ultimate goal of this book is to promote a better understanding of the structure and uncertainties of climate models among users, including scientists, engineers and policymakers.
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Bituminous materials are used to build durable roads that sustain diverse environmental conditions. However, due to their complexity and a global shortage of these materials, their design and technical development present several challenges. Advanced Testing and Characterisation of Bituminous Materials focuses on fundamental and performance testing
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In Japan, as a large number of sewer lines approach and exceed their design service life, rehabilitation of these ageing sewers to ensure their safe operation and upgrade their functions gains urgence. In this pioneering work, Z. Shi, M. Nakano and Y. Takahashi present a systematic treatment of structural analysis and renovation design of ageing sewers as semi-composite pipes, including testing and construction guidelines. The concept of a semi-composite pipe and the application of fracture mechanics of concrete in numerical modelling are the two distinctive features of the established design theories, which have been employed for sewer renovation in Japan for more than 20 years, with the total length of renovation construction now exceeding 700 km. The leading authors have engaged in designing the renovation of ageing sewers since the mid 1990s, and the book will become a valuable reference work for sewer engineers worldwide, and academics and students in civil, urban and architectural engineering departments.
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Our planet is nowadays continuously monitored by powerful remote sensors operating in wide portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Our capability of acquiring detailed information on the environment has been revolutionized by revealing its inner structure, morphology and dynamical changes. The way we now observe and study the evolution of the Earth’s status has even radically influenced our perception and conception of the world we live in. The aim of this book is to bring together contributions from experts to present new research results and prospects of the future developments in the area of geosciences and remote sensing; emerging research directions are discussed. The volume consists of twenty-six chapters, encompassing both theoretical aspects and application-oriented studies. An unfolding perspective on various current trends in this extremely rich area is offered. The book chapters can be categorized along different perspectives, among others, use of active or passive sensors, employed technologies and configurations, considered scenario on the Earth, scientific research area involved in the studies.
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This book covers the latest developments in remote sensing theory and applications by numerous researchers, experts and collaborators of the Remote Sensing and Geo-Environment Lab of the Department of Civil Engineering and Geomatics of the Cyprus University of Technology. The main highlight of this book is combination of several techniques such as satellite remote sensing, field spectroscopy, smart sensors, ground techniques for achieving an integrated method for the systematic monitoring of the environment.
Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology --- Engineering --- Civil Engineering --- Remote Sensing
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Concrete is widely used because of its versatility, affordability, and availability of raw materials, strength, and durability. Urban development that took place through the world in the last few decades yielded significant developments for concrete technology. The term high-performance concrete (HPC) is relatively new, and it refers to many properties such as strength, durability, sound and heat insulation, waterproofing, and side advantages such as air purification, self-cleaning, etc. Researchers and engineers are constantly working for improving concrete properties. This book provides the state of the art on recent progress in the high-performance concrete applications written by researchers and experts of the field. The book should be useful to graduate students, researchers, and practicing engineers in related fields.
Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology --- Technology --- Civil Engineering --- Concrete Technology
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There are many books on preliminary studies and research in bridge design as well as basic knowledge on bridge engineering, but most books supply the needs of practicing engineers who may have problems in estimating, designing or constructing suspension bridges. Therefore, this book is intended to serve as a source of information for problems related to bridge engineering including sustainable bridge development, traditional approaches and recent advances in highway bridge traffic loading, aesthetic analysis issues in designing a new bridge, applications of various methods for the dissipation of seismic energy for bridges, new technologies of bridge design as well as structural identification of bridges using non-destructive experimental measurement tests.
Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology --- Engineering --- Civil Engineering --- Structural Engineering
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This book was designed to be a comprehensive review of selected topics related to irrigation and drainage. Readers will find themes such as salinity control, decision support systems, subsurface drainage, irrigation scheduling in nurseries, irrigation with municipal wastewater, and sustainable drainage systems. These topics and pursuant discussions are expected to be very fruitful in the continuing debate on global food security.
Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology --- Engineering --- Civil Engineering --- Urban Engineering
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Wood is a natural building material: if used in building elements, it can play structural, functional and aesthetic roles at the same time. The use of wood in buildings, which goes back to the oldest of times, is now experiencing a period of strong expansion in virtue of the sustainable dimension of wood buildings from the environmental, economic and social standpoints. However, its use as an engineering material calls for constant development of theoretical and experimental research to respond properly to the issues involved in this. In the single chapters written by experts in different fields, the book aims to contribute to knowledge in the application of wood in the building industry.
Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology --- Engineering --- Civil Engineering --- Structural Engineering
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Highway engineering is an engineering discipline branching from civil engineering that involves the planning, design, construction, operation, and maintenance of roads, bridges, and tunnels to ensure safe and effective transportation of people and goods. The book Highway Engineering includes the main topics and the basic principles of highway engineering and provides the full scope of current information necessary for effective and cost-conscious contemporary highway. The book reflects new engineering and building developments, the most current design methods, as well as the latest industry standards and policies. This book provides a comprehensive overview of significant characteristics for highway engineering. It highlights recent advancements, requirements, and improvements and details the latest techniques in the global market. Highway Engineering contains a collection of the latest research developments on highway engineering. This book comprehensively covers the basic theory and practice in sufficient depth to provide a solid grounding to highway engineers. This book helps readers maximize effectiveness in all facets of highway engineering. This professional book as a credible source and a valuable reference can be very applicable and useful for all professors, researchers, engineers, practicing professionals, trainee practitioners, students, and others interested in highway projects.
Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology --- Engineering --- Civil Engineering --- Highway Engineering
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