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Animals and Medicine: The Contribution of Animal Experiments to the Control of Disease offers a detailed, scholarly historical review of the critical role animal experiments have played in advancing medical knowledge. Laboratory animals have been essential to this progress, and the knowledge gained has saved countless lives - both human and animal. Unfortunately, those opposed to using animals in research have often employed doctored evidence to suggest that the practice has impeded medical progress. This volume presents the articles Jack Botting wrote for the Research Defence Society News from 1991 to 1996, papers which provided scientists with the information needed to rebut such claims. Collected, they can now reach a wider readership interested in understanding the part of animal experiments in the history of medicine - from the discovery of key vaccines to the advancement of research on a range of diseases, among them hypertension, kidney failure and cancer. This book is essential reading for anyone curious about the role of animal experimentation in the history of science from the nineteenth century to the present.
animal --- animal testing --- medical research
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This book explores the social history of the anti-vivisection movement in Britain from its nineteenth-century beginnings until the 1960s. It discusses the ethical principles that inspired the movement and the socio-political background that explains its rise and fall. Opposition to vivisection began when medical practitioners complained it was contrary to the compassionate ethos of their profession. Christian anti-cruelty organizations took up the cause out of concern that callousness among the professional classes would have a demoralizing effect on the rest of society. As the nineteenth century drew to a close, the influence of transcendentalism, Eastern religions and the spiritual revival led new age social reformers to champion a more holistic approach to science, and dismiss reliance on vivisection as a materialistic oversimplification. In response, scientists claimed it was necessary to remain objective and unemotional in order to perform the experiments necessary for medical progress.
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Robert Delort se distingue par l'ampleur et l'originalité du champ de sa réflexion historique. Il a abordé, grâce à sa maîtrise des méthodes de la recherche historique les plus diversifiées, de la linguistique à l'archéologie, des statistiques à l'analyse littéraire et iconographique, aussi bien l'histoire économique, sociale et politique du Moyen Âge, que celle des comportements ou encore de la biologie des espèces animales. Il n'est donc pas étonnant que Robert Delort ait orienté ses recherches et celles de ses élèves vers l'histoire des relations de l'homme avec son environnement, histoire dont il fut l'un des pionniers. Il a donné en particulier une impulsion décisive à l'histoire du monde animal. De plus, en élargissant la réflexion à la fois sur le plan chronologique et géographique bien au-delà de la période médiévale et de l'Occident européen, il propose une investigation globale du devenir historique qui séduit ses auditeurs et ses lecteurs en France comme à l'étranger. Le volume des études présentement offertes à Robert Delort par ses amis et élèves, s'ouvrant sur une préface de Jacques Le Goff, veut témoigner de la globalité méthodologique, thématique, chronologique et géographique de sa pensée historique.
monde animal --- environnement --- animal --- nature --- lien social
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Animal death is a complex, uncomfortable, depressing, motivating and sensitive topic. For those scholars participating in Human-Animal Studies, it is – accompanied by the concept of 'life' – the ground upon which their studies commence, whether those studies are historical, archaeological, social, philosophical, or cultural. It is a tough subject to face, but as this volume demonstrates, one at the heart of human–animal relations and human–animal studies scholarship.
Sociology --- animals --- animal rights --- animal welfare --- animal ethics --- human-animal relationships
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health --- environment --- animal --- human
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“Quand les animaux meurent, les hommes sont malades”. Cette formule lapidaire recèle toute la richesse du thème ici abordé. Depuis les peurs ancestrales de la contagion entre les espèces, jusqu’aux lourdes pertes subies lors des épisodes brutaux des pandémies animales, l’homme est touché dans ses intérêts matériels mais aussi dans ses rapports personnels avec les animaux qu’il a domestiqués. Comment les épizooties se répandent-elles ? Quand les états ont-il pris conscience de la nécessité de lutter contre la propagation, de prévenir les maladies animales ? Les écoles vétérinaires mais aussi la vaccination ont trouvé là leurs premiers terrains d’application. Soigner les uns, c’est guérir les autres. Les questions de l’évaluation du préjudice, ainsi que de sa réparation, des indemnisations - déjà ! - sont aussi abordées dans cette réflexion.
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The book raises semiotic questions of human–animal relations: what is the semiotic character of different species, how humans endow animals with meaning, and how animal sign exchange and communication has coped with environmental change. The book takes a zoosemiotic approach and considers different species as being integrated with the environment via their specific umwelt or subjective perceptual world. The authors elaborate J. v. Uexküll’s concept of umwelt to make it applicable for analyzing complex and dynamical interactions between animals, humans, environment and culture. The opening chapters of the book present a framework for philosophical, historical, epistemological and methodological aspects of zoosemiotic research. These initial considerations are followed by specific case studies: on human–animal interactions in zoological gardens, communication in the teams of visually disabled persons and guiding dogs, semiotics of the animal condition in philosophy, historical changes in the role of animals in human households, the semiotics of predation, cultural perception of novel species, and other topics. The authors belong to the research group in zoosemiotics and human–animal relations based in the Department of Semiotics at the University of Tartu in Estonia, and in the University of Stavanger in Norway.
animal representations --- semiotics --- animals --- umwelten --- zoosemiotics --- human-animal relations
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Dans un contexte social et médiatique largement ouvert sur les thématiques et problématiques environnementales, l'animal sauvage s'invite dans les débats humains. Objet de discussions passionnées de la part des scientifiques, des naturalistes et des écologues professionnels aussi bien qu'amateurs, il a désormais acquis droit de cité dans les travaux des sciences humaines et sociales. Dans leur diversité, les animaux non domestiques ont parfois été redoutés ou chassés pour procurer des ressou...
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This work is the first manual devoted specifically to rabbit biology. It recounts the history of the domestic rabbit and summarises current knowledge. It also makes concrete recommendations on rabbit breeding practices for both families and professionals and for pet rabbits.
biology --- genetics --- animal husbandry --- reproduction --- animal production --- zootechnics
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