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O livro Análise dos Media é uma reedição, revista e atualizada, de uma obra de 2012. Está organizado em seis capítulos, antecedidos por uma Introdução. O primeiro capítulo, “Enquadramentos Teóricos”, é um capítulo de natureza epistemológica que situa este campo do saber no âmbito dos Estudos dos Media. No segundo, “Desenhar uma pesquisa sobre os media”, descreve-se o percurso de elaboração de uma pesquisa sobre os media, utilizando como exemplo a cobertura jornalística do tema “corrupção política” em Portugal. O terceiro capítulo, “Métodos na Análise dos Media”, focaliza os métodos utilizados nas pesquisas empíricas sobre os media, com ênfase na análise de conteúdo e nos métodos qualitativos, tais como as análises narrativas, as análises semióticas e as análises de discurso. O quarto capítulo “Os Desafios da Análise dos Media Sociais” pretende dar resposta aos desafios que os investigadores em Ciências Sociais enfrentam face aos media sociais. No quinto capítulo, faz-se uma breve conclusão dos enquadramentos, pressupostos e percursos inerentes
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L’enquête Pratiques culturelles des Français, réalisée depuis 1973 par le ministère de la Culture et de la Communication, mesure les taux de pénétration, au sein de la population française, des principales formes d’accès à la culture. Comparer des données d’enquêtes sociologiques produites depuis trente-cinq ans à intervalle d’une décennie environ requiert plusieurs précautions méthodologiques à mettre en œuvre pour l’analyse des données. Il convient de tenir compte des évolutions structurelles de la société aux plans démographique, économique et social et de distinguer les effets d’époque, de génération et d’offre. Ensuite, les pratiques culturelles elles-mêmes, et plus généralement les modes d’accès à la culture se sont transformés depuis trente-cinq ans, notamment sous l’effet des innovations technologiques. Enfin, le document revient sur l’interprétation des processus souvent convoqués pour analyser l’évolution des pratiques culturelles : féminisation, élitisation ou démocratisation, juvénilisation.
cultural participation --- comparative analysis --- generationnal analysis --- data analysis --- sociological survey
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This study uses a corpus of authentic language data to examine the linguistic and communicative practices whereby participants develop the social institutional reality of the parent-teacher conference. The focus is on a linguistic analysis of the conversational acts that constitute the genre: informing, counseling, and assigning responsibility.
Institutional communication --- Conversation analysis --- Genre analysis
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Placing failed humor within the broader category of miscommunication and drawing on a range of conversational data, this text represents the first comprehensive study of failed humor. It provides a framework for classifying the types of failure that can occur, examines the strategies used by both speakers and hearers to avoid and manage failure, and highlights the crucial role humor plays in social identity and relationship management.
Humor --- Miscommunication --- Discourse Analysis
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L’approche par générations – c’est-à-dire par groupes d’individus nés au même moment et ayant par conséquent le même calendrier de vie – permet de distinguer les effets d’âge des effets de génération. Appliquée aux résultats des quatre vagues d’enquête sur les pratiques culturelles des Français (1973, 1981, 1988, 1997) cette approche confirme la nature générationnelle de la plupart des évolutions constatées depuis le début des années 1970 en montrant qu’elles ont été généralement initiées par une génération particulière, puis poursuivies et amplifiées par les suivantes. La montée en charge de l’audiovisuel par rapport à l’imprimé, par exemple, apparaît comme une mutation amorcée il y a trente ans par le recul de la lecture de la presse quotidienne, poursuivie par l’augmentation du temps passé devant le petit écran au moment de l’explosion du PAF et, un peu plus tard, par une relative désaffection pour la lecture de livre, puis enfin amplifiée ces dernières années par la généralisation des ordinateurs. L’analyse rétrospective confirme que la plupart des pratiques culturelles et médiatiques traditionnellement mesurées depuis le début des années 1970 semblent s’acheminer vers un déclin plus ou moins marqué au cours des prochaines années, à l’exception de l’écoute de la musique enregistrée. Cette tendance générale apparaît d’autant plus probable que ces dernières années ont été marquées par l’émergence d’une culture numérique que les jeunes générations ont massivement investie et dont on peut penser par conséquent qu’elle est amenée à se développer dans les années à venir du simple fait du renouvellement générationnel. Il est donc difficile, dans une perspective prospective, de ne pas penser que l’essor de cette culture numérique en devenir ne se fasse, au moins en partie, au détriment des pratiques culturelles et médiatiques antérieures, en raison de la concurrence qu’elle crée en termes de budget et de budgettemps, mais aussi en raison de la nature même de l’offre qu’elle propose, tant au plan des contenus culturels écrits, audio ou vidéo que des possibilités de diffusion pour les anciens médias (presse, radio, télevision).
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Nel 2017 cadeva il centenario della nascita di Franco Fortini (10 settembre 1917 – 28 novembre 1994). Certamente Franco Lattes, in arte Fortini, nato a Firenze, ma vissuto a Milano per quasi cinquant’anni, fino alla morte, è stato uno dei massimi protagonisti del Novecento letterario e culturale, italiano e non solo: come critico letterario, saggista militante a 360°, traduttore da più lingue (memorabili, fra le molte altre, le traduzioni delle poesie di Brecht, del Faust di Goethe, di La fugitive di Proust), poeta fra i maggiori del secolo, narratore, ma anche insegnante, consulente editoriale, persino autore di canzoni e copywriter. È quasi impossibile trovare altri intellettuali che, come lui, abbiano saputo affrontare la realtà del mondo e della cultura a 360°, passando, sempre con lucidissima intelligenza e competenza profonda, da raffinate indagini su testi letterari a saggi sulle dinamiche politiche e sociali del XX secolo, dalla poesia alla narrativa, dal lavoro editoriale a quello nella scuola e nell’università. Il volume che avete sotto gli occhi raccoglie gli Atti del convegno Franco Fortini e le istituzioni letterarie, tenutosi all’Università degli Studi di Milano il 24 e 25 ottobre 2017, organizzato, con il coordinamento scientifico di Edoardo Esposito, Luca Daino, Laura Neri e di chi scrive, dal Dipartimento di Studi Letterari, Filologici e Linguistici e dal Dipartimento di Scienze della Mediazione Linguistica e Studi Interculturali, con la collaborazione della Fondazione Arnoldo e Alberto Mondadori e del Centro APICE di Unimi. La scadenza del centenario ha fortunatamente mostrato una persistente attenzione all’opera di Fortini, generando numerose iniziative in suo onore: come, oltre a quella milanese, il convegno dell’Università di Torino Franco Fortini: leggere e scrivere poesia, quello dell’Università di Siena su Franco Fortini e la traduzione, quello dell’Università di Padova Fortini ’17 e altre ancora. (Dalla Premessa di Gianni Turchetta)
analysis --- literature --- poetry
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This Research Topic is devoted to bioinformaticians, geneticists and researchers who study or apply methods and algorithms for genomes and transcriptome analyses, aimed at understanding pathology discriminations and classifications. Papers are encouraged that use unconventional approaches and/or where mathematical and computational concepts are applied to biological and medical contexts in original ways. The contributions presented in the Topic should be of interest also to a wide class of scientists and students involved in the several fields where genomic and transcriptomic approaches are becoming essential for future investigations.
algorithms --- data analysis --- computational biology --- bioinformatics --- analysis methods
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Mathematics; Computer mathematics; Numerical analysis; Computer software; Numerical analysis
Mathematics --- Computer mathematics --- Numerical analysis --- Computer software --- Numerical analysis
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Macrosociology—the study of large-scale social structures and the fundamental principles of social organization—was the style of sociology practiced by the founders of the discipline. Today, the social theories of Karl Marx, Max Weber, Émile Durkheim, and Herbert Spencer (among others) are commonly studied as part of the history of the field, but, although the macrosociological approach that these thinkers advocated is still employed, it no longer dominates the discipline. Instead, sociologists typically adopt a narrower focus, specializing in areas such as social psychology, medicine, religion, or the study of social stratification. Examining the bigger picture is a task often left to public intellectuals.Sociocultural Systems aims to reinstate macrosciology as the heart of the discipline by demonstrating that both classical and contemporary macrosociologists stand upon common ground. Focusing on the broad issues that concerned the founders, Elwell addresses questions such as: Historically, what factors accounted for the origin, survival, and evolution of sociocultural systems? Why were some societies more technologically advanced than others? What is the origin of capitalism? What factors determine the allocation of goods and services within and among societies? What effects do changes in government and economic institutions have on communities?Elwell argues that, as evolution does for biology, the macrosociological paradigm offers an analytical strategy that can be used both to guide and prioritize research in all of the myriad specialties within sociology and to lay forth an orderly body of knowledge for students. Clearly articulating important sociological principles, Sociocultural Systems provides a critical understanding of social institutions and issues, while also furnishing a framework for possible solutions to the perennial social crises that are part and parcel of the development of human societies.
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Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is a statistical tool for digging out hidden factors which give rise to the diversity of manifest objectives in psychology, medicine and other sciences. EFA had its heyday as psychologist Leon Thurstone (1935 and 1948) based EFA on what he called the “principle of simple structure” (SS). This principle, however, was erroneous from the beginning what remained unrecognized despite subsequent inventions of more sophisticated statistical tools such as confirmatory analysis and structural equation modeling. These methods are highly recommended today as tolerable routes to model complexities of observation. But they did not remove the harmful errors that SS had left behind. Five chapters in this book demonstrate and explain the trouble. In chapter 2 the ailment of SS is healed by introducing an unconventional factor rotation, called Varimin. Varimin gives variables of an analysis an optimal opportunity to manifest functional interrelations underlying correlational observations. Ten applications of Varimin (in chapter 2) show that its results are superior to results obtained by the conventional Varimax procedure. Further applications are presented for sports achievements (chapter 3), intelligence (chapter 4), and personality (chapter 5). If Varimin keeps on standing the tests new theoretical building blocks will arise together with conceptual networks promoting a better understanding of the domains under study. Readers may check this prognosis by themselves using the statistical tool (Varimin) which is provided by open access in the internet.
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