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The improvement of fabrication resolutions is an eternal challenge for miniaturizing and enhancing the integration degrees of devices. Laser processing is one of the most widely used techniques in manufacturing due to its high flexibility, high speed, and environmental friendliness. The fabrication resolution of laser processing is, however, limited by the diffraction limit. Recently, much effort has been made to overcome the diffraction limit in nano fabrication. Specifically, combinations of multiphoton absorption by ultrafast lasers and the threshold effect associated with a Gaussian beam profile provide fabrication resolutions far beyond the diffraction limit. The use of the optical near-field achieves nano ablation with feature sizes below 100 nm. Multiple pulse irradiation from the linearly polarized ultrafast laser produces periodic nanostructures with a spatial period much smaller than the wavelength. Unlimited diffraction resolutions can also be achieved with shaped laser beams. In the meanwhile, lasers are also widely used for the synthesis of nano materials including fullerenes and nano particles. In view of the rapid advancement of this field in recent years, this Special Issue aims to introduce the state-of-the-art in nano fabrication and nano lithography, based on laser technologies, by leading groups in the field.
Laser processing --- Nano material synthesis --- Nano fabrication --- Nano ripple formation --- 3D fabrication
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The aim of this Special Issue is to present the latest theoretical and experimental achievements concerning the mechanisms of microstructural change in metallic materials subject to different processing methods, and their effect on mechanical properties. It is my pleasure to present a series of compelling scientific papers written by scientists from the community of transition group metals, alloys, and intermetallic compounds.
metal matrix composites --- laser metal deposition --- Inconel 625 --- additive manufacturing --- laser processing --- metal matrix composites --- Z-pin reinforcement --- delamination --- carbon fiber --- strengthening mechanisms --- severe plastic deformation (SPD) --- cross-channel extrusion (CCE) --- back pressure (BP) --- numerical simulation (FEM) --- physical modeling technique (PMT) --- metal–matrix composites (MMCs) --- carbon fiber --- mechanical properties --- z-pin reinforcement --- laminate --- titanium alloys --- high pressure torsion --- microhardness --- Cu–Ag alloy --- high-pressure torsion --- ultrafine microstructure --- phase dissolution --- microhardness --- friction stir welding --- heat treatment --- AA2519 --- microstructure --- fatigue --- fractography --- AZ91 --- magnesium alloys --- creep --- high pressure die casting --- additive manufacturing --- Ti-6Al-4V --- LENS --- mechanical characterization --- twin roll casting --- magnesium alloy --- calcium --- Mg-Zn-Al-Ca alloy --- texture --- flow curve --- processing map --- honeycomb structure --- additive manufacturing --- laser engineered net shaping --- LENS --- Ti6Al4V alloy --- energy absorption --- dynamic tests --- solidification thermal parameters --- Cu-Al-Ni-Fe bronze alloys --- hardness --- microhardness --- specific intermetallics --- MAX phase --- Ti3SiC2 --- composite --- high energy ball milling --- spark plasma sintering --- structure --- mechanical properties --- deformation behavior --- tribaloy-type alloy --- CoCrMoSi alloy coatings --- T-800 alloy --- Laves phase --- Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENSTM) --- electron microscopy (in situ SEM) --- delamination --- metal matrix composites (MMCs) --- z-pinning
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