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Des rythmes du candomblé aux avant-gardes esthétiques les plus radicales, la culture joue un rôle central dans l’émergence du Brésil contemporain. Issu du dialogue entre historiens français et brésiliens, cet ouvrage parcourt des domaines variés, de la littérature romantique à la musique populaire en passant par le théâtre et le cinéma, la mise en scène des corps, la mémoire et la fabrique de héros culturels. Les constructions identitaires, les politiques culturelles, les phénomènes d’emprunts et de métissage sont au cœur de la réflexion. Quatre décennies après l’émergence de l’histoire culturelle, cet ouvrage dresse un bilan d’étape et pointe les tendances actuelles de la recherche. Au fil des treize essais qui le composent, il donne à voir, à lire et à entendre la diversité brésilienne dans la perspective d’une histoire culturelle transnationale, loin de toute tentation exotique.
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The state of São Paulo, Brazil, is one of the most densely populated and developed areas in South America. Such development is evident both in terms of industrialization and urbanization, as well as in agriculture, which is heavily based on sugar cane, Eucalyptus plantations and livestock. This intense land use has resulted in great alteration of the original land cover and fragmentation of natural ecosystems. For these reasons, it is almost a paradox that jaguar, a species that requires large areas of pristine forest to exist, is still found in some parts of the state of São Paulo. It is possible that wild animals could leave in coexistence with intense land use, or is it the case that such rare encounters with large wild animals in São Paulo will disappear in the near future?All ecologists are aware of the problems of habitat changes caused by humans, but it was not until recent years that researchers started to consider that the land used for production could also serve as an important habitat for many different kinds of wild species. This book is about this new approach to conservation. It also highlights the important role that sciences could and should have in this discussion in order to better understand the problems and propose possible solutions.
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Since the popularisation of the internet, low-income Brazilians have received little government support to help them access it. In response, they have largely self-financed their digital migration. Internet cafés became prosperous businesses in working-class neighbourhoods and rural settlements, and, more recently, families have aspired to buy their own home computer with hire purchase agreements. As low-income Brazilians began to access popular social media sites in the mid-2000s, affluent Brazilians ridiculed their limited technological skills, different tastes and poor schooling, but this did not deter them from expanding their online presence. Young people created profiles for barely literate older relatives and taught them to navigate platforms such as Facebook and WhatsApp. Based on 15 months of ethnographic research, this book aims to understand why low-income Brazilians have invested so much of their time and money in learning about social media. Juliano Spyer explores this question from a number of perspectives, including education, relationships, work and politics. He argues that social media is the way for low-income Brazilians to stay connected to the family and friends they see in person on a regular basis, which suggests that social media serves a crucial function in strengthening traditional social relations
facebook --- brazil --- anthropology --- ethnography
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Poetry from Beyond the Grave is the first English publication of a large selection of poems by the Brazilian medium and Spiritist leader Francisco Cândido “Chico” Xavier. These poems, originally collected in the volume Parnaso de Além-Túmulo, were dictated to Xavier by a variety of spirits of Brazilian poets from the afterlife, as journeying souls or as witnesses of the spiritual city Nosso Lar, “our house.” Poetry from Beyond the Grave is a veritable collection of haunted writing, in which poets present their posthumous work as if they were alive. The brilliant translation by Vitor Pequeno is supplemented by an extensive afterword by Jeremy Fernando, who traces what it means to speak through the other.
poetry --- Brazil --- spiritism --- spirit medium
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Owing to their unique magnetic, phosphorescent, and catalytic properties, rare earths are the elements that make possible teverything from the miniaturization of electronics, to the enabling of green energy and medical technologies, to supporting essential telecommunications and defense systems. An iPhone uses eight rare earths for everything from its colored screen, to its speakers, to the miniaturization of the phone’s circuitry. On the periodic table rare earth elements comprise a set of seventeen chemical elements (the fifteen lanthanides plus scandium and yttrium). There would be no Pokémon Go without rare earths. Rare Earth Frontiers is a work of human geography. Klinger looks historically and geographically at the ways rare earth elements in three discrete but representative and contested sites are given meaning.
Anthropology --- Geography --- Resources --- Anthropology --- Etnography --- Geology --- China --- Brazil --- Moon
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The tendency of 21st century studies about the table has been to privilege as multi and transdisciplinary approaches. In fact, it is in its holistic sense that we use the term table, a universe that encompasses goods, people and ideas. Reflect today toward the table constitutes a process of careful inquiry into three of the main pillars of the man’s relationship with food, throughout its history: food, health and culture. This book is the subject of Lusophone Tables and is organized in two volumes, containing five parts and a total of 25 chapters. The 13 chapters of the first volume focus on two central themes: food under the therapeutic and symbolic prism. In Part I (Therapeutic Tables: when food is medicine), it is evident that, historically, medical writings preceded the culinary literature. Part II (Sacred Tables: when food is a symbol) is referred to the table as answer and vehicle of dialogue with the transcendent.
Food History --- Food Heritage --- Food Cultures --- Health --- Brazil --- Lusophony
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The question of quality has become one of the most important framing factors in education and has been of growing interest to international organisations and national policymakers for decades. Politics of Quality in Education focuses on Brazil, China, and Russia, part of the so-called emerging nations’ BRICS block, and draws on a four-year project to develop a new theoretical and methodological approach. The book builds a comparative, sociohistorical, and transnational understanding of political relations in education, with a particular focus on the policies and practices of quality assurance and evaluation (QAE). Tracking QAE processes from international organisations to individual schools, contributors analyse how QAE changes the dynamics in the roles of state, expertise, and governance. The book demonstrates how national and sub-national actors play a central role in the adaptation, modification, or rejection of transnational policies. Politics of Quality in Education will be of great interest to academics, researchers, and postgraduate students engaged in the study of comparative and international education, as well as educational policy and politics. It should also be essential reading for practitioners and policymakers.
russia --- political relations --- qae --- political space --- political situation --- political possibilities --- brazil --- quality --- education --- china
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When labor market economists started to work on segmented labor markets, they classified informal employment as a transitory state. At the end of the 20
Arbeitsmarktpolitik --- Arbeitsmarktsegmentierung --- Arbeitssuche --- Brasilien --- Brazil --- Case --- Informelle Beschäftigung --- Labor --- Markets --- Schattenwirtschaft --- Segmented --- Segmentierte Arbeitsmärkte --- Transitions --- Woltermann
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This edited volume, which features essays from prominent German, Brazilian, and Portuguese scholars, deals with the personal relations and intensive intellectual collaboration between Joao Guimaraes Rosa (1908–1967) and his German translator Curt Meyer-Clason (1910–2012), a special case of German–Brazilian cultural exchange.
João Guimarães Rosa --- Curt Meyer-Clason --- Brazil–Germany relations --- Literary reception
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How students get the materials they need as opportunities for higher education expand but funding shrinks.From the top down, Shadow Libraries explores the institutions that shape the provision of educational materials, from the formal sector of universities and publishers to the broadly informal ones organized by faculty, copy shops, student unions, and students themselves. It looks at the history of policy battles over access to education in the post–World War II era and at the narrower versions that have played out in relation to research and textbooks, from library policies to book subsidies to, more recently, the several “open” publication models that have emerged in the higher education sector.From the bottom up, Shadow Libraries explores how, simply, students get the materials they need. It maps the ubiquitous practice of photocopying and what are—in many cases—the more marginal ones of buying books, visiting libraries, and downloading from unauthorized sources. It looks at the informal networks that emerge in many contexts to share materials, from face-to-face student networks to Facebook groups, and at the processes that lead to the consolidation of some of those efforts into more organized archives that circulate offline and sometimes online— the shadow libraries of the title. If Alexandra Elbakyan's Sci-Hub is the largest of these efforts to date, the more characteristic part of her story is the prologue: the personal struggle to participate in global scientific and educational communities, and the recourse to a wide array of ad hoc strategies and networks when formal, authorized means are lacking. If Elbakyan's story has struck a chord, it is in part because it brings this contradiction in the academic project into sharp relief—universalist in principle and unequal in practice. Shadow Libraries is a study of that tension in the digital era.ContributorsBalázs Bodó, Laura Czerniewicz, Miroslaw Filiciak, Mariana Fossatti, Jorge Gemetto, Eve Gray, Evelin Heidel, Joe Karaganis, Lawrence Liang, Pedro Mizukami, Jhessica Reia, Alek Tarkowski
Libraries --- access --- education --- students --- educational resources --- knowledge --- university --- publishing --- information --- piracy --- Brazil --- Poland --- South Africa --- Argentina --- Uruguay --- India --- United States --- Sci-Hub --- open access
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