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1971 was a critical year for India and Pakistan and also for West and East Germany. The Third India–Pakistan War led to the independence of Bangladesh, at the same time that the German–German policy of détente sought to surmount the East–West conflict. The global Cold War influenced both regional conflicts and linked them to each other. However, at their points of intersection, they were also bounded by the influence of the great powers.
Cold War --- Bangladesh Liberation War --- Détente --- Diplomatic History
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Across the world, developing countries are attempting to balance the international standards of intellectual property concerning pharmaceutical patents against the urgent need for accessible and affordable medicines. In this timely and necessary book, Monirul Azam examines the attempts of several developing countries to walk this fine line. He evaluates the experiences of Brazil, China, India, and South Africa for lessons to guide Bangladesh and developing nations everywhere. Azam's legal expertise, concern for public welfare, and compelling grasp of principal case studies make Intellectual Property and Public Health in the Developing World a definitive work.The developing world is striving to meet the requirements of the World Trade Organization's TRIPS Agreement on intellectual property. This book sets out with lucidity and insight the background of the TRIPS Agreement and its implications for pharmaceutical patents, the consequences for developing countries, and the efforts of certain representative nations to comply with international stipulations while still maintaining local industry and public health. Azam then brings the weight of this research to bear on the particular case of Bangladesh, offering a number of specific policy recommendations for the Bangladeshi government—and for governments the world over.Intellectual Property and Public Health in the Developing World is a must-read for public policy-makers, academics and students, non-governmental organizations, and readers everywhere who are interested in making sure that developing nations meet the health care needs of their people.
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The Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna deltas has newly emerged 'char' islands, which are very vulnerable, socially, institutionally and environmentally. This book explains how the governments of Bangladesh and the Netherlands cooperated on a land-based rural development project to give settlers security and purpose. The 13 chapters in this book are based on experience gathered from implementing the Char Development and Settlement Project undertaken since 1994.
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This book answers key questions about environment, people and their shared future in deltas. It develops a systematic and holistic approach for policy-orientated analysis for the future of these regions. It does so by focusing on ecosystem services in the world’s largest, most populous and most iconic delta region, that of the Ganges-Brahmaputra delta in Bangladesh. The book covers the conceptual basis, research approaches and challenges, while also providing a methodology for integration across multiple disciplines, offering a potential prototype for assessments of deltas worldwide.Ecosystem Services for Well-Being in Deltas analyses changing ecosystem services in deltas; the health and well-being of people reliant on them; the continued central role of agriculture and fishing; and the implications of aquaculture in such environments.The analysis is brought together in an integrated and accessible way to examine the future of the Ganges Brahmaputra delta based on a near decade of research by a team of the world’s leading scientists on deltas and their human and environmental dimensions.This book is essential reading for students and academics within the fields of Environmental Geography, Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy focused on solving the world’s most critical challenges of balancing humans with their environments.
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Ninety percent of lives claimed by injuries occur in low- and middle-income countries. This special issue, A Million Person Household Survey: Understanding the Burden of Injuries in Bangladesh, aims to assess these injuries—including falls, drowning, burns, road traffic injuries — to inform efforts to reduce the burden they cast on millions of people and families in a low income country. This issue offers a unique collection of research on the epidemiology of fatal and non-fatal injuries in Bangladesh.Based on a survey of more than one million people, this research—conducted by the International Injury Research Unit, Department of International Health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and two Bangladesh partners, the Center for Injury Prevention and Research and the International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh with funding from Bloomberg Philanthropies, was part of a large-scale, population-based, child-drowning prevention project called “Saving of Lives from Drowning in Bangladesh.” The project tested the large-scale effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of evidence-based interventions to reduce drowning related deaths for children less than five years of age (reported elsewhere). We hope this data will be useful to researchers, students, practitioners and national decision makers.
epidemiology --- low- and middle-income countries --- intentional --- unintentional --- injuries --- children under 5 --- drowning, road traffic incidents --- burns --- falls --- suicide --- first-aid --- caregiver supervision --- care-seeking --- crèches --- day-care setting --- playpens --- population-based --- rural --- Bangladesh
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Education in Asia Pacific countries is being transformed by globalisation and the market economy. Most economies within the region have flourished due to increased regional capital flow, trade and other forms of economic and political interaction. The Asia Pacific also has rich and unique traditions, which create cultural diversity as well as common challenges, including obstacles of language and geographical separation. Additionally, there is a growing reaction to the predominance of Western social theories that is fuelling recognition of and movement towards theories that reference the wide range of contextual and cultural perspectives available in the East. Contributors offer Eastern-oriented perspectives on teacher education, parent participation, government withdrawal, textbook content, uses of modern technology, the challenges of migrating families and tertiary students who travel from overseas for study. Their commentaries highlight issues of equity, identity and social justice.
Languages --- education in Asia Pacific --- education --- English as a Second Language --- ESL --- Teaching science in Bangladesh --- politics and education --- social equity and education --- social justice and education --- parental influence on education --- culture in education --- cultural influences on education --- cultural influences on learning
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his book highlights the important links between agriculture and nutrition, both direct and indirect, both theoretical and practical. It explores these relationships through various frameworks, such as value chains, programmes and policies, as well as through diverse perspectives, such as gender. It assesses the impacts of various agricultural interventions and policies on nutrition and profiles the up-and-down journeys of countries such as Bangladesh, China, Ethiopia, India, and Malawi in integrating nutrition into agricultural policies and programmes. It highlights successes such as biofortification, the integration of behaviour change communication and gender equality into existing agricultural interventions, and agriculture's role in improving household access to nutritious foods and diet diversity. It analyses challenges such as climate and environmental change, undernutrition, and obesity. And it ponders big questions, such as how to build capacity, engage with the private sector, participate in the big data revolution, and foster strong governance and leadership throughout agriculture and nutrition.
agricultural policy --- agricultural sector --- biofortification --- climate change --- constraints --- development programmes --- diet --- food access --- gender relations --- governance --- nutrition --- nutrition policy --- nutrition programmes --- obesity --- undernutrition --- value chain --- private sector --- Abyssinia --- climatic change --- development programs --- fatness --- feeding programmes --- feeding programs --- nutrition programs --- Nyasaland --- People's Republic of China --- subsaharan Africa --- Bangladesh --- China --- Ethiopia --- India --- Malawi --- Commonwealth of Nations --- Least Developed Countries --- Developing Countries --- South Asia --- Asia --- APEC countries --- East Asia --- ACP Countries --- East Africa --- Africa South of Sahara --- Africa --- Anglophone Africa --- SADC Countries
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This book is the definitive reference regarding the global status of melioidosis in 2018. Melioidosis is one of the most neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), so much so that it is not even included in the WHO list of NTDs. Yet modeling suggests that it kills more people worldwide every year than diseases that are much better known, such as leptospirosis and dengue. The reasons for this under-recognition are numerous, including the fact that it mainly affects the disadvantaged rural poor in areas that are poorly supplied with the diagnostic capability to make the diagnosis. In 22 separate articles, expert authors from around the world have summarized what is known about the burden of the disease in humans and animals and the presence of the causative bacterium in the environment in their countries or regions. They have also identified the main obstacles and challenges to establishing the true burden, and to ensure that patients receive accurate diagnosis and optimal care for this all too frequently fatal disease. Rather than focusing on the theoretical risk of the use of Burkholderia pseudomallei as a biological weapon, this book highlights its importance as a clear and present danger to global public health.
melioidosis --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- epidemiology --- diagnosis --- treatment --- melioidosis --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- Laos --- Lao PDR --- melioidosis --- Sri Lanka --- epidemiology --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- melioidosis --- Cambodia --- epidemiology --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- melioidosis --- Mexico --- Central America --- Caribbean --- epidemiology --- awareness --- melioidosis --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- Malaysia --- epidemiology --- bacteriology --- melioidosis --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- transmission modes --- melioidosis --- Australia --- tropical medicine --- melioidosis --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- Myanmar --- Melioidosis --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- western Indian Ocean --- diagnosis --- MLST --- Madagascar --- Mauritius --- Réunion --- Seychelles --- melioidosis --- B. pseudomallei --- Singapore --- clinical --- veterinary --- environmental --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- melioidosis --- Indonesia --- Papua New Guinea --- Oceania --- melioidosis --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- melioidosis --- Thailand --- mortality --- diagnosis --- surveillance --- awareness --- treatment --- prevention --- melioidosis --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- Vietnam --- public awareness --- animal --- environment --- melioidosis --- Burkholderia --- Bangladesh --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- India --- melioidosis --- South Asia --- melioidosis --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- South America --- melioidosis --- Africa --- Middle East --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- genomics --- public awareness --- environment --- melioidosis --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- Hong Kong --- melioidosis --- Philippines --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- melioidosis --- Burkholderia pseudomallei --- epidemiology --- China
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