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Addressing the history of the production and reception of the great medieval poem, Piers Plowman, Lawrence Warner reveals the many ways in which scholars, editors and critics over the centuries created their own speculative narratives about the poem, which gradually came to be regarded as factually true. Warner begins by considering the possibility that Langland wrote a romance about a werewolf and bear-suited lovers, and he goes on to explore the methods of the poem's localization, and medieval readers' particular interest in its Latinity. Warner shows that the 'Protestant Piers' was a reaction against the poem's oral mode of transmission, reveals the extensive eighteenth-century textual scholarship on the poem by figures including the maligned Chaucer editor John Urry, and contextualizes its first modernization by a literary forger inspired by the 1790s Shakespeare controversies. This lively account of Piers Plowman challenges the way the poem has traditionally been read and understood. This title was made Open Access by libraries from around the world through Knowledge Unlatched.

criticism and interpretation --- authorship

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Even earlier than other sectors of society, science was confronted with the Internet as a new communication medium. Yet it has lasted several years until the Internet has gained reputation as a publication medium for scientists. This development is accompanied by an increasing concentration on the side of scientific publishers, which has lead for some disciplines to almost monopolistic situations. Conversely, the financial resources to purchase and provide access to scientific publications are shrinking on the side of the customers - libraries and researchers, but also other sectors of the public. This results in a disastrous spiral, known as the so-called "publication crisis." As one solution to this crisis new publication concepts using the internet have emerged. They are characterized by the fact that they provide access to scientific works largely free and unrestricted - Open Access. This book "Legal Framework for Open Access" is designed as a practical guide and aims to help authors who want to publish Open Access. The content includes: Introduction to Open Access • Facts on Copyrights • Open Access in Universities • Open Access Licenses • Technical protection measures and Open Access • Retrodigitalisation issues • Liability of institutional repositories for archived Open Access publications • Implications regarding competition law • Public legal and organizational framework for Open Access

legal framework --- open access --- legal protection --- publishing