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In pregnancy, maternal nutrition sustains and nourishes the developing child. Imbalances in either the direction of nutritional excess or deficiency can have adverse consequences for child health. In addition, more research now suggests that good pregnancy nutrition influences child health beyond pregnancy and delivery. This includes modifying the risk of child health outcomes as they enter childhood and adulthood through influences on placental development, hormonal pathways, and organ structure and function. Poor pregnancy nutrition may also compromise maternal health during pregnancy, which may have long-term consequences for women’s health. Understanding the biological and social mechanisms operating during pregnancy can help in the design of better clinical and public health interventions. This Special Issue on “The Role of Pregnancy Nutrition in Maternal and Offspring Health” includes etiological and mechanistic studies of pregnancy nutrition with short- and long-term maternal and child health outcomes, including original research, narrative reviews, and systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Together, this body of work provides important insights into the influence of dietary patterns, food groups, and nutrients on pregnancy outcomes, and long-term neurodevelopmental, respiratory, and metabolic health in the children. It also highlights nutritional consequences for specific groups of women, including those with pregnancy complications and eating disorders.

Obesity --- chronic kidney disease --- foetal programming --- sirtuin --- choline --- Dlx3 --- placenta --- placental insufficiency --- inflammation --- angiogenesis --- apoptosis --- Iodine --- pregnancy --- birth weight --- Insufficiency --- SGA --- preterm Birth --- nutrition --- diet --- vitamin D --- birthweight --- birth length --- head circumference --- gestational age --- pregnancy outcomes --- vegetarian diets --- vegan diets --- plant-based diets --- nutrition --- pregnancy --- breastfeeding --- human milk --- micronutrients --- fetal development --- fatty fish --- essential fatty acids --- omega-3 --- pregnancy --- birth weight --- foetal growth --- preterm birth --- anorexia nervosa --- bulimia nervosa --- binge eating disorder --- diet --- eating behavior --- eating disorders --- nutrition --- pregnancy --- purging --- asthma --- fortification --- vitamin D --- social experiment --- pregnancy --- lactation --- weaning --- food-related IgG --- food clusters --- non-IgE-mediated food reactions --- maternal nutrition --- Mediterranean diet --- offspring health --- DHA --- gestational diabetes --- preeclampsia --- placental transport --- choline --- pregnancy --- infant nutrition --- brain health --- docosahexaenoic acid --- DHA --- eye function --- ghrelin --- hypothalamic inflammation --- microglia --- nutritional programing --- pregnancy nutrition --- neurodevelopmental disorders --- autism spectrum disorder --- attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity --- developmental origins of health and disease --- systematic review --- meta-analysis --- preterm birth --- preterm labor --- etiology --- nutrition --- DHA --- probiotics --- dietary habits --- maternal nutrition --- gestational diabetes --- food frequency questionnaire --- dietary screening --- lifestyle intervention --- pregnancy --- dietary behaviour --- neonatal outcomes --- birth weight --- large for gestational age (LGA) --- small for gestational age (SGA) --- obesity prevention --- immunomodulators --- maternal nutrition --- pregnancy --- Rhodiola --- Echinacea --- Panax --- Camellia