TY - BOOK ID - 44738 TI - Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) AU - Tomás, Juan M. PY - 2020 SN - 9783039282562 9783039282579 DB - DOAB KW - aspirin KW - hepcidin KW - P65 (nuclear factor-?B) KW - IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 pathway KW - lipopolysaccharide (LPS) KW - nitric oxide (NO) KW - iron regulatory protein 1 (IRP1) KW - Megalobrama amblycephala KW - lipopolysaccharide induced TNF? factor KW - lipopolysaccharide stimulation KW - innate immune KW - Aeromonas KW - genomics KW - inner core oligosaccharide KW - outer core oligosaccharide KW - lipopolysaccharide KW - lipopolysaccharide KW - Erwinia amylovora KW - NMR KW - ESI FT-ICR KW - structural determination KW - Bordetellae KW - Bordetella holmesii KW - endotoxin KW - lipid A KW - structure KW - mass spectrometry KW - genomic KW - Edwardsiella tarda KW - core oligosaccharide KW - MALDI-TOF MS KW - ESI MSn KW - NMR KW - genomic KW - LPS tolerance KW - hypothalamic inflammation KW - insulin resistance KW - pJNK KW - fibroblast KW - keratocyte KW - cornea KW - lipopolysaccharide KW - bacteria KW - chemokine KW - adhesion molecule KW - collagen KW - tear fluid KW - serum resistance KW - complement KW - Salmonella KW - lipopolysaccharide KW - sialic acid KW - reptile-associated salmonellosis KW - sepsis KW - time response KW - inflammation KW - oxidative stress KW - endotoxaemia KW - mouse KW - rat KW - lipopolysaccharide KW - double-stranded RNA KW - epithelial cell KW - dendritic cell KW - allergic respiratory disorder KW - hygiene hypothesis KW - rhinovirus KW - respiratory syncytial virus KW - toll-like receptor KW - LPS KW - lipopolysaccharide KW - heptosyltransferase KW - protein dynamics KW - glycosyltransferase KW - GT-B KW - inhibitor design KW - lipopolysaccharide KW - Coxiella burnetii KW - Q fever KW - phagosome KW - virenose KW - Plesiomonas shigelloides KW - O-antigen KW - lipopolysaccharide KW - O-acetylation KW - d-galactan I KW - HR-MAS KW - NMR spectroscopy KW - endotoxin KW - lipopolysaccharide KW - Low Endotoxin Recovery KW - phase transitions KW - polysorbate KW - LPS aggregates KW - Small Angle X-ray Scattering KW - MAT KW - LAL and LER KW - anti-conjugate serum KW - core oligosaccharide KW - lipopolysaccharide KW - NMR spectroscopy KW - ESI MS KW - Proteus penneri UR - https://www.doabooks.org/doab?func=search&query=rid:44738 AB - The cytoplasm of Gram-negative bacteria is bound by three layers: an inner membrane, a layer of peptidoglycan, and an outer membrane. The outer membrane is an asymmetric lipidic bilayer, with phospholipids on its inner surface and lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) on the outside, with the latter being the major component of the outer leaflet and covering nearly three-quarters of the total outer cell surface. All LPSs possess the same general chemical architecture independently of bacterial activity (pathogenic, symbiotic, commensal), ecological niche (human, animal, soil, plant, water), or growth conditions. Endotoxins are large amphiphilic molecules consisting of a hydrophilic polysaccharide component and a covalently bound hydrophobic and highly conserved lipid component, termed lipid A (the endotoxin subunit). The polysaccharide component can be divided into two subdomains: the internal and conserved core region as well as the more external and highly variable O-specific chain, also referred to as the O-antigen due to its immunogenic properties. LPSs are endotoxins, one of the most potent class of activators of the mammalian immune system; they can be released from cell surfaces of bacteria during multiplication, lysis, and death. LPS can act through its biological center (lipid A component) on various cell types, of which macrophages and monocytes are the most important. ER -